Peer Reviewed Journal

Abstract:

This paper presents an efficient and reliable evolutionary based approach to solve the Optimal Power Flow problem in electrical power network. The Particle Swarm Optimization method is used to solve optimal power Flow problem in power system by incorporating a powerful and most versatile Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems device such as Unified power Flow Controller. It is a new device in FACTS family and has great flexibility that can control Active power, Reactive power and voltage magnitudes simultaneously. In this paper optimal location is find out using Fuzzy approach and control settings of UPFC are determined by PSO. The proposed approach is examined on IEEE-30 bus system with different objective function that reflects fuel cost minimization and fuel cost with valve point effects. The test results show the effectiveness of robustness of the proposed approachcompared with the existing results in the literature.
Keywords: OPF, particle swarm Optimization, UPFC, Fuel cost, L-Index, Fuel cost with valve point loading effects.

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A.Immanuel, Dr.Ch.Chengaiah , "Optimal Power Flow With UPFC Using Fuzzy- PSO With Non-Smooth Fuel Cost Function"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In the recent years the world has seen a astonishing ascendance of non tripulated vehicles, and among these is the quadrotors aircrafts or quadcopters. These types of aircraft have been of particular interest due to its easy maneuverability in closed and open spaces and somewhat simplified dynamics. In these paper is presented an first attempt in the built model, to control the 4 DOF(Degrees of freedom) of an soon to be autonomous quadcopter through PID law in an controlled environment.
Keywords: Quadcopter, PID law, Autonomous flight

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Nicolas Ives Roque Pacheco, Daniel de Castro Ribeiro Resende, Pedro Américo Almeida Magalhães , "Stability Control of an Autonomous Quadcopter through PID Control Law"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Microwaves are constantly experiencing changes for many years. Microwave circuits use microstrip lines because it allows easy integration of active and passive surface mount components and it is less costly. In addition to a large number of benefits, microstrip lines have some disadvantages such as narrow-band loss, interference and low efficiency. To overcome the disadvantages, metamaterials are introduced. The proposed work shows various concentric U-shaped multi-split ring resonators(SRRs) metamaterial structures with & without broadside coupling. As compared to the conventional split ring resonators , broadside coupled resonators shows decrease in the LC resonance frequency and provide an electrically small and easy-to-fabricate alternative to the present multi-band metamaterial structures. The multi-band magnetic resonator topologies are simulated using CST Microwave Studio (MWS) to compute and compare their electrical sizes. Different types of U-shaped structures with inner and outer rings of SRR are used to realize transmission spectra, resonant frequencies and electrical sizes. This topology has the flexibility of adjusting the resonance frequencies by changing the design parameters such as the gap width, metal width and inter-ring distances. The broadside-coupled multiple U-Shaped magnetic resonator topology is considered to be a useful contribution to multi-band metamaterial research applications.
Keywords: Broadside coupled, CST MWS, Electrical sizes, Metamaterials, Multiband Characteristics, Split Ring Resonators.

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Najuka Hadkar, Santosh Jagtap , "Design of Square Shaped Miniaturized Split Ring Resonators"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

By analyzing evolving centrality roles using time dependent graphs, researchers may predict future centrality values. This may prove invaluable in designing efficient routing and energy saving strategies and have profound implications on evolving social behavior in dynamic social networks. In this paper, we propose a new method to predict centrality values of nodes in a dynamic environment. The proposed method is based on calculating the correlation between current and past measure of centrality for each corresponding node, which is used to form a composite vector to represent the given state of centralities. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through simulated predictions on data sets from real mobile networks. Results indicate significantly low prediction error rate occurs, with a suitable implementation of the proposed method.
Keywords: dynamic networks, centrality prediction, social networks, mobile networks

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Poria Pirozmand, Guowei Wu, Xinjiao Li , "Centrality Prediction in Mobile Social Networks"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The structural analysis is an important tool that allows the research for weight reduction, the choose of the best materials and to satisfy specifications and requirements. In an aircraft's design, several analyzes are made to prove that this aircraft will stand the set of maneuvers that it was designed to accomplish. This work will consider the preliminar project of an aircraft seeking to check the behavior of the wing under certain loading conditions in the flight envelope.To get to this load set, it has been done all the process of specification of an aircraft, such as mission definition, calculation of weight and c.g. envelope, definition of the geometric characteristics of the aircraft, the airfoil choice, preliminary performance equations, aerodynamic coefficients and the aircraft's balancing for the equilibrium condition, but such things will not be considered in this article. For the structural analysis of the wing will be considered an arbitrary flight condition, disregarding the effect of gusts loads. With the acquisition of the items mentioned, the main forces acting on the wing structure and their equations will be calculated. The use of finite element method will enable the application of loads obtained just as the development of a method of calculation, along with the construction of a three-dimensional model that represents a chosen condition. The results will be discussed in order to explain the influence of the applied loads in the structural behavior of the wing principal structure.
Keywords: Structural analysis, finite element and wing.

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Layston Ferroni Soares, Estêvão Guimarães Lapa, Pedro Américo Almeida Magalhães Junior, Bruno Daniel Pignolati , "Structural Analysis of a wing box"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In this study, neem oil which is one of the abundant non-edible oils in India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and bangladesh is used for biodiesel production. The conventional 2-step transesterification production of biodiesel using sulphuric acid and potassium hydroxide as catalysts is carried out. The optimum process parameters like reaction time, temperature, catalyst loading and methanol-oil molar ratio were investigated with respect to maximum yield. A maximum yield of 88% biodiesel is obtained via this method. A novel technique to produce biodiesel via complete hydrolysis followed by acid esterification is developed. Optimum reaction conditions were found to be 100ml 0.5N sulphuric acid loading, reaction temperature of 40ºC and reaction time of 2 hours. This resulted in a maximum FFA of 82%. Then acid esterification was carried out at the following reaction conditions of 0.55:1 v/v methanol-oil-ratio, 0.5% v/v H2SO4 acid catalyst loading, 50˚C and 4 hours reaction time. A maximum biodiesel yield of 92% was obtained by this method. The viscosity of biodiesel produced by this method as well as the other physicochemical properties, were found to be in compliance with international standard.
Keyword— Acid value, esterification, hydrolysis, transesterification, vegetable oil

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B. Karunanithi, Kelmy Thomas Maria , "Biodiesel production from neem oil –an alternate approach"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper proposes the Rainfall Prediction System by using classification technique. The advanced and modified neural network called Data Core Based Fuzzy Min Max Neural Network (DCFMNN) is used for pattern classification. This classification method is applied to predict Rainfall. The neural network called fuzzy min max neural network (FMNN) that creates hyperboxes for classification and predication, has a problem of overlapping neurons that resoled in DCFMNN to give greater accuracy. This system is composed of forming of hyperboxes, and two kinds of neurons called as Overlapping Neurons and Classifying neurons, and classification used for prediction. For each kind of hyperbox its data core and geometric center of data is calculated. The advantage of this method is it gives high accuracy and strong robustness. According to evaluation results we can say that this system gives better prediction of rainfall and classification tool in real environment.
Keyword— Classifying and overlapping neuron, Data core based fuzzy min max neural network, geometric center, rainfall prediction and classification.

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Rajendra Palange, Nishikant Pachpute, Snehal Pandharbale, Shubham Gupta, Dr. Mrs. Swati Shinde , "Rainfall Prediction using Data-Core Based Fuzzy Min-Max Neural Network for Classification"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In this paper, parameters of PID controller and bias coefficient for Load Frequency Control (LFC) are designed using a new approach. In the proposed method, the power system uncertainties and nonlinear limitations of governors and turbines ,i.e. Valve Speed Limit (VSL)and Generation Rate Constraint (GRC), are taken into account in designing. Variations of uncertain parameters are considered between -40% and +40% of nominal values with 5% step .In order to design the proposed PID controller ,a new objective function is defined. MATLAB codes are developed for GA based PID controller tuning, the results of which are used to study the system step response. All these are through in Simulink based background.
Keywords: Load frequency control; PID controller; ACE; Power system control; genetic algorithm

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B.RaviKumar, G.Ashok, B.SivaPrasad , "Tuning PID Controller Parameters for Load Frequency Control Considering System Uncertainties"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The structural, five different elastic constants and electronic properties of 2H- and 4H-Silicon carbide (SiC) are investigated by using density functional theory (DFT). The total energies of primitive cells of 2H- and 4H-SiC phases are close to each other and moreover satisfy the condition E2H >E4H. Thus, the 4H-SiC structure appears to be more stable than the 2H- one. The analysis of elastic properties also indicates that the 4H-SiC polytype is stiffer than the 2H structures. The electronic energy bands, the total density of states (DOS) are calculated. The fully relaxed and isotropic bulk modulus is also estimated. The implication of the comparison of our results with the existing experimental and theoretical studies is made.
Key words: Elastic constants, Electronic structures, Structural parameters

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Md. Nuruzzaman, M. Ariful Islam, M. Ashraful Alam, M. A. Hadi Shah, A. M. M. Tanveer Karim , "Structural, elastic and electronic properties of 2H- and 4H-SiC"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Petroleum products and resources are limited and their consumption is increasing very fast with globalization and high technology development since last decade. The emissions from the petroleum products polluting the environment considerably. Bio-fuels can be produced from diverse sources, which are subject to local geography, topology and climatology. Hence, every nation will have its own choice of a source. Duel bio-fuel represents an untapped resource of energy easily available in India. This study investigates the potential substitution of duel bio-fuel methyl ester blends for diesel as fuel for automobiles and other industrial purposes. This study is concerned with the analysis of the performance and emission characteristics of the duel bio-fuel methyl esters and comparing with petroleum diesel. The fuels used were neat methyl ester, diesel and different blends of the methyl ester with diesel. The tests were carried out on a 4.4 KW, single cylinder, direct injection, air-cooled diesel engine. The fuels used were neat duel bio-fuel methyl ester, diesel and different blends of the methyl ester with diesel. The experimental result shows that 20% of blend shows better performance with reduced pollution. This analysis shows that duel bio-fuel methyl ester and its blends are a potential substitute for diesel.
Key words: Dual biofuel methyl ester,CI engine, exhaust gas recirculation, Animal Palm Diesel (APD)

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Inturi Vamsi, Dr. C.V. Subba Rao, M. Indra Reddy , "Experimental Investigations on the Engine Performance and Characteristics of Compression Ignition (CI) Engine Using Dual Bio – Fuel Methyl Ester As Alternate Fuel With Exhaust Gas Recirculation"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Sentence fusion is one of the tasks of automatic text summarization that has wide spread applications in the field of computer science. It is currently used in automatic text summarization and question answering systems. It is also used in natural language generation systems in the name of sentence aggregation. The task of sentence fusion poses various challenges like deciding whether two sentences can be combined or not, which part of a sentence should be selected for combination, how these parts can be combined and how to fit the combinations in a grammatically correct sentence structure. In this paper we discuss about the research done on sentence fusion and various challenges that are yet to be met.
Index Terms: Automatic text summarization, Abstractive text summarization, Natural language processing, Sentence fusion.

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R.V.V Muralikrishna, Dr. Ch Satyananda Reddy , "A survey on sentence fusion techniques of abstractive text summarization"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Today multiple multi-sensor airborne surveillance systems are available which comprises of primary radar and secondary surveillance radar as the active sensor on board. The electronics and communication support measure system (ECSMS) will aid in identification, detection and classification of targets. These systems will detect, identify, classify the different threats present in the surveillance area and supports defense operation. These systems contain multiple functional operations as detection of air borne and surface target, tracking, and Multisensor data fusion. This paper presents the multi-sensor data fusion technique and how to detect and track moving target in the surveillance area.
Keywords: Detection, Tracking, Multi-sensor Data fusion

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Ashwini Jagtap, Amrita Agashe , "Design of Kalman filter for Airborne Applications"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com