Peer Reviewed Journal

Abstract:

A biosensor is an analytical device which converts a biological response into an electrical signal. The term 'biosensor' is often used to cover sensor devices used in order to determine the concentration of substances and other parameters of biological interest even where they do not utilize a biological system directly. This very broad definition is used by some scientific journals (e.g. Biosensors, Elsevier Applied Science) but will not be applied to the coverage here. The emphasis of this Chapter concerns enzymes as the biologically responsive material, but it should be recognized that other biological systems may be utilized by biosensors, for example, whole cell metabolism, ligand binding and the antibody-antigen reaction........
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K.Sowjanya, Aruna Kumari Yadla "Fundamental Aspects of Biosensors"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The intensification of industrial activity and environmental stress greatly contributes to the significant rise of heavy metal pollution in water resources making threats on terrestrial and aquatic life. The toxicity of metal pollution is slow and interminable, as these metal ions are non bio-degradable. The most appropriate solution for controlling the biogeochemistry of metal contaminants is sorption technique, to produce high quality treated effluents from polluted wastewater. Maize cob readily available was used as sorbent for the removal of lead ions from aqueous media. Adsorption studies were performed by batch experiments as a function of process parameters such as sorption 500ppm,2.5g, 400minutes, 400 rpm and 5 PH.........
Key words:Heavy metal adsorption, isotherms, maize cob, leads ions

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P. Muthusamy, S. Murugan "Removal of Lead Ion Using Maize Cob as a Bioadsorbent"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper aims at Implementation of Fixed Point Arithmetic Unit. The real number is represented in Qn.m format where n is the number of bits to the left of the binary point and m is the number of bits to the right of the binary point. The Fixed Point Arithmetic Unit was designed using Verilog HDL. The Fixed Point Arithmetic Unit incorporates adder, multiplier and subtractor. We carried out the simulations in ModelSim and Cadence IUS, used Cadence RTL Compiler for synthesis and used Cadence SoC Encounter for physical design and targeted 180 nm Technology for ASIC implementation. From the synthesis result it is found that our design consumes 1.524 mW of power and requires area 20823.26 μm2..
Keywords:ASIC implementation, Cadence IUS, Cadence RTL Compiler, Cadence SoC Encounter, Fixed Point Arithmetic Unit, Qn.m, Verilog HDL.

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S Ramanathan, G Vinothini, Ashwini C Chaudhari, Dr. K Sivasankaran"Design and Implementation of Fixed Point Arithmetic Unit"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper describes the speech intelligibility enhancement by extracting the speech features. A method is introduced for modifying the speech features i.e. Mel frequency cepstral coefficient from a fusion of noise and speech signal and then these features are optimized by Flower pollination algorithm (FPA) which is a nature-inspired algorithm and is based on the process called pollination. Different results shows each and every step, extracting the speech features and optimized by flower pollination algorithm and by taking same speech signal and different noises FPA signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gives better results and when different speech signals and different noisy signals have been compared still the FPA SNR perform better than the existing technique. Thus, proposed method gives reliable and effective results.
Keywords –Denoising, Feature extraction, Flower pollination, Levy flights, Mel cepstral coefficients.

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Shaveta Verma, Anil Garg"Optimization of Mel Cepstral Coefficient by Flower Pollination Algorithm for Speech Enhancement"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

We presented the fabrication of a novel geometric light trapping structure based on silica particle. This light trapping structure with good morphology was fabricated through modified Stöber method and spray technique. More importantly, the silica particles were dispersed onto glass by using bottom-up or chemical approach involves a common route used to synthesis silica particles from atomic or molecular scale. An optimized synthesis condition is a combination of optimal values of each reaction parameter of Stöber method that could produce homogenous and mono-dispersed silica nanoparticles with uniform size. The diameter of silica particles can be varied from 200, 430, 560, 460 nm by increasing concentrations of ammonia from 2.33 mM to 4.65 mM, 9.31 mM and 13.96 mM, respectively......
Keywords:SiO2, Stöber method, dispersion, growth, TCO

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Van Thi Thanh Ho "Growth and Dispersion the Silica Particle on the Glass via Modified Stöber Method and Spray Technique"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The article presents the results of research in determining the position of the base station in a static mode using EGNOS differential corrections. The experiment was conducted in the Dęblin airport area. The experiment comprised determining the coordinates of three base stations (REF1, VirA i VirB). The analysis of the results for the tools adopted pointed out to the fact that the accuracy of coordinate determination for each station was in the range of less than 2 meters.
Keywords:GPS, GNSS, EGNOS

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Henryk Jafernik "Assessment of the Usefulness of Egnos Differential Corrections in Conducting Gps Static Measurements"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and measurement of 12-14.1GHz microstrip multi-mode bandpass filter. The fabricated microstrip bandpass filter has a compact size of 15.785mm×5mm and good filtering characteristics. In the frequency range of 12-14.1GHz, the insertion loss varies between 1.565dB and 2.051dB with about 0.5dB ripple. The measured results show excellent out-of-band rejection above 40dB in 0.02-10GHz, but much poorer rejection performance in upper stopband due to the spurious passband. To solve the problem, a DC-14.1GHz LC low pass filter is supplemented after the microstrip bandpass filter.
Keywords:Stop band rejection, insertion loss, low pass filter

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Tong-xiu Fan, Yin-hua Yao "Design of 12-14.1 GHz Bandpass Filter with Stub Loaded"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Analysis and design are very important roles in the Data Warehouse (DW) system development and forms as a backbone of any successful or failure of the DW project. The emerging trends of analytic-based application required the DW system to be implemented in the mobile environment. However, current analysis and design approaches are based on existing DW environments that focusing on the deployment of the DW system in traditional web-based applications. This will create the limitations on user accessed and the used of analytical information by the decision makers......
Keywords:Requirement Analysis, Data Warehouse, Mobile Application, Information Science

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Muhammad Shahbani Abu Bakar, Azman Ta'a "Data Warehouse Model For Mobile-Based Applications"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Technological revolution in the age old cotton textile industry has made spinning preparatory section as a control centre for quality and economy of the outgoing product. Spinners have to chase these goals by cleaningthe cotton mixwithout detoriate feed cotton characteristics and undue increase in the waste levels at higher productivity level. The successful efforts demand through investigation of thecotton fibers and their trash characteristics as well as identification of their best fit interrelationship with process parameters. Set of experimentations done in this direction are described in this paper as case study.
Keywords:Trash, Blow room, UQL, Neps, Card, Waste

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Dr. (Mrs.) Tasnim N. Shaikh, Mr. Hardik Pujara "Effect of Cotton Fibers and Their Trash Characteristics on the Performance of Spinning Preparatory Processes"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Concrete is a widely used construction material for various types of structures due to its structural stability and strength. The construction industry is today consuming more than 400 million tonnes of concrete every year .Most of the increase in cement demand will be met by the use of supplementary cementing materials, as each ton of Portland cement clinker production is associated with similar amount of CO2 emission, which is a major source of global warming. Partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement with mineral admixtures like fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, silica fume, metakaolin, Rice husk Ash (RHA),etc with plasticizers eliminates these drawbacks.......
Keywords:rice husk ash, Pozzalano, sandcrete, mortar

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S.P.Sangeetha "Rice Husk Ash Sandcrete Block As Low Cost Building Material"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

A356, which is much lighter than steel, is an attractive replacement material. Therefore, it is of great interest to enhance its properties. There is strong evidence that the microstructure and mechanical properties can be considerably improved if nano particles are used as reinforcement to form metal-matrix- nano-composite (MMNC). In this thesis, a detailed analysis of alumina i.e.., 60μm is reduced to 32nm by high energy ball milling. For every 5hrs alumina powder is taken and calculating the crystallite size by X-Ray Diffraction. In this thesis, a detailed analysis of the microstructure and mechanical properties is provided for an A356 alloy enhanced with alumina nano particles via ultrasonic processing.......
Keywords:EDS, High energy ball milling, SEM, Ultrasonication, X-ray Diffraction.

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G. Sri Mallika "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Nano Alumina Particulate Reinforced A356 Nano Composites"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Weather monitoring plays a very important role in human life hence study of weather system is necessary. Currently there are two types of the weather monitoring stations available i.e. wired and wireless. Wireless system has some advantages over the wired one hence popular now a days. The parameters are include in weather monitoring usually temperature, humidity atmospheric pressure, light intensity, rainfall etc. There are many techniques existed using different processor such as PIC, AVR, ARM etc. Analog to digital channel are used to fetch the analog output of the sensors. The wireless techniques used in the weather monitoring having GSM, FM channel, Zigbee, RF etc Protocols.
Keywords:ADC, Microcontroller, Sensors

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Mr. Dipak V. Sose, Dr. Ajij D. Sayyad "Weather Monitoring Station: A Review"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In this paper, we present the different methods to solve fuzzy sequencing problem using fuzzy technological values like generalized triangular fuzzy numbers. The procedure adopted was the fuzzy sequencing problems are defuzzified using ranking functions and hence solving the crisp sequencing problem by standard sequencing algorithm for obtaining the optimal sequence and minimum completion time in terms of fuzzy values which is illustrated with numerical examples and solutions.
Keywords:Fuzzy sequencing problem, generalized triangular fuzzy number, fuzzy arithmetic and ranking functions.

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K.Kripa, R.Govindarajan "Fuzzy Sequencing Problem Using Generalized Triangular Fuzzy Numbers"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This study reports the fabrication and characterization of electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF)and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofiber separators embedded with carbon black nanoparticles. Different weight percentages (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4wt%) of carbon black nanoparticles were dispersed in N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC) and ethanol using sonication and high-speed agitations, and then PVdF and PVP polymers were added to the dispersions prior to the mixing and electrospinning processes......
Keywords:Carbon Black Nanopowders, Electrospun Nanofibers,Ionic Conductivity, Supercapacitor Separators

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A. Jabbarnia, W. S. Khan, A. Ghazinezami, R. Asmatulu "Tuning the Ionic and Dielectric Properties of Electrospun Nanocomposite Fibers for Supercapacitor Applications"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In an effort to increase processor speeds, 3D IC architecture is being aggressively pursued by researchers and chip manufacturers. This architecture allows extremely high level of integration with enhanced electrical performance and expanded functionality, and facilitates realization of VLSI and ULSI technologies. However, utilizing the third dimension to provide additional device layers poses thermal challenges due to the increased heat dissipation and complex electrical interconnects among different layers. The conflicting needs of the cooling system requiring larger flow passage dimensions to limit the pressure drop, and the IC architecture necessitating short interconnect distances to reduce signal latency warrant paradigm shifts in both of their design approach.......
Keywords:Convection heat transfer, chip cooling, channel, vortex generator

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S K Mandal, Dipak Sen"A brief review on mixed convection heat transfer in channel flow with vortex generator for electronic chip cooling"Vol. 6 - Issue 6 (Jun - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com