Peer Reviewed Journal

Abstract:

The failure of many software systems are mainly due to the lack of the requirement engineering. Where software requirement play a very vital role in the field of software engineering. The main task of the requirement engineering are eliciting the requirements from the customer and to prioritize those requirements to make decisions in the software design. Prioritization of the software requirement is very much useful in giving priority within the set of requirements. Requirement prioritization is very much important when there are strict constraints on schedule and the resources, then the software engineer must take some decisions on neglecting or to give prioritization to some of the requirements that are to be added to the project which makes it successful. This paper is the frame work of comparison of various techniques and to propose a most competent method among them.
Keyword: software requirement prioritization, dynamic, prioritization, stakeholders, AHP, Hundred-dollar test, Ranking, Numerical assignment.

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Pradeep Kumar. G , Sandhiya .R , Prof. Manjula. R"A Comparative Study of Software Requirement, Elicitation, Prioritization and Decision Making"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Encryption and decryption are considered to be the guard for data in this technological world. To provide some kind of security, this paper proposes a new algorithm called AVB algorithm which is used to enhance the security of the data. This algorithm mainly focuses on ASCII value of data. ASCII value of the character is encrypted using normal mathematical calculation for number of time on a particular character and converted to numerical value. Then the cipher text is decrypted to get the original plain text. This algorithm is efficient in two ways it difficult for the intruders to predict the data as each character follows different form of encryption based on the key. And also it is simple, fast, and cost efficient while compared to ASCII value based text encryption system by Udepal Singh and Upasna Garg
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A.Vijayan, T.Gobinath,M.Saravanakarthikeyan "ASCII Value Based Encryption System (AVB)"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

"Sediment yield studies determine the amount of sediment that leaves a basin for an event or over a period of time. The sediment yield provides the necessary input to determine sedimentation impacts on a reservoir. Each reservoir project requires a sediment yield analysis to determine the storage depletion resulting from the deposition of sediment during the life of the project. The main object of the present study is to identify the particular suitable theoretical method to predict the sediment rate for selected catchments by comparing with the hydrographic survey results.Literature review has enabled the identification of three methods for determining the rate of sediment yield. These methods are (a) Grade's method (b) Khosla's method (c) Joglekar'smethod.Rate of sediment yield obtained from Khosla's method is close to the rate computed form the hydrographic survey data for Thandava and KonamReservoirs. For the reservoir on Raiwada Reservoir, Joglekar's method is found to give sediment rate closer to the value arrived from hydrographic survey data.
Keywords:Sediment yield, Khosla's method, Grade's method, Joglekar's method.

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J. Rangaiah, Dr. P. Udaya Bhaskar, Dr. V. Mallikarjuna"Sediment Yield Studies For Selected Catchments in Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In this paper comparision of Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE) method with different Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique which are used as gate pulse for firing the IGBT‟s. Higher order harmonics are easily eliminated by selecting a proper tuned value filters but lower order harmonics such as 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th are not easily eliminated. This paper includes Newton- Rapson method with random initial guess is used for SHE reduction and shows where the solution can exit by solving transcendental non linear equations. With the use of this method lower order harmonics as well as Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) will get reduce. In this paper a cascaded H-bridge Multilevel Inverter using MATLAB/Simulink blocks is presented.
Keyword: Flexible AC Transmission System, Multilevel Inverter, Power Electronics, Selective Harmonic Elimination, SPWM-Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation

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Ms. Surabhi Patil, Mrs. Sarika D Patil, Prof. Prashant Debre "Comparison of PWM Techniques and Selective Harmonic Elimination for 3-Level Inverter"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Light weight and adaptability in structures have attracted researchers towards the development of inflatable structures. These light weighted inflatable structures are used as emergency shelters, as a decoy and also as a permanent building. Earlier reports shows many cases in which these light weight structure have collapsed due to adverse wind conditions. This damage caused to these structures may be attributed to its poor wind resistance design conditions. Also, due to the uncertainties, there is limited and very few information representing the aerodynamic behaviour of the wind over hemispherical dome structures. An attempt is herewith made to find out the aerodynamic behaviour of the wind passing through a hemispherical shaped structure. CFD software FLUENT has been used to perform the analysis of a dome model in Indian wind conditions. Before study, the CFD code has been validated against experimental data available in literature. It is found that the realizable k-ε turbulent model shows good agreement with experimental data. The value of drag coefficient (Cd) has been calculated by using frontal area of the structure and it is found out to be 0.32. The results with different wind conditions obtained by CFD shows that the increase in turbulent intensity in the flow field highly influences the drag force and it increase approximately 14% for a highly turbulent wind condition.
Key words:CFD, Inflatable structure, Aerodynamics, Drag, Turbulent intensity

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R. Verma, V. K. Patel , A. Pal "Numerical Analysis on Aerodynamic Behavior of a Hemispherical Structure under Different Wind Loading"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

"The operation of renewable energy source is becoming very compulsory due to restricted reserves of fossil fuels and across-the-board environmental concerns for the production of electric power generation and utilization. For the production of electrical energy by using solar power can be more economical. The fast draw down of conventional sources is forcing to use renewable energy sources as substitute to meet the load power demand of any building, which is completely dangling on grids which are dependent on conventional sources for electricity generation and utilization. So, there is a need to degrade this dependency of loads on grids. For this we need to incorporate the grid technologies to reduce the energy cost of building and thereby reduce consumption of conventional sources. In this paper, analysis is done on combining the PV technology with grid technology for MM-2 LADIES HOSTEL BUILDING of GIET Gunupur, We have taken HOMER simulation software to find how much reduction of cost of energy consumption is possible by this combination. This study can help us to find ways for enhancing the life of conventional fuels in existence and know the reduction of greenhouse emissions. Renewable energy is energy that is induced from natural processes that are continuously replenished. Such examples are sunlight, geothermal heat, wind, tides and various forms of biomass. This energy is constantly renewed and cannot be exhausted.When we think of fuel what comes to our mind ? we might think of firewood, gasoline for our car, or maybe food, which is fuel for our body which may provide heat for our home. The bull‟s eye is that fuel is an absolutely essential part of everyone's daily life. Deep within our Earth, there are ready-made of fuel that our world has become totally dependent on. They are called fossil fuels.Fossil fuels are the hot-button subject, they simultaneusly power and diminish our planet. As the global population continues to rise and as our efforts to "go-green" continue to fall short of expectation,the disadvantages fossil fuels are becoming even more stark and serious. Alternative energy is a term used for an energy source that is an alternative to using fossil fuels. Generally, it indicates energies that are non-traditional and have low environmental impact. The term alternative is used to contrast with fossil fuels according to some sources. By most definitions alternative energy doesn't harm the environment, a distinction which separates it from renewable energy which may or may not have significant environmental impact.
Keywords:Cost analysis, emission analysis, renewable energy, HOMER SOFTWARE simulation, weather condition, PV array.

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Dibya Ranjan Rath , Bulbul Singh, Kavitakumari , Smruti Ranjan Pradhan "A Case Study on Energy Management Using Solar Power Analysis and Simulation Approach of Student Hostel in Giet Gunupur."Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Application of WEDM is growing rapidly since the last three decades due its several advantages and applicability of the process to produce complicated intrinsic, extrinsic shapes of miniaturized size, so there is a need to analyze and optimize the process. In this research work the experiments were conducted using the general full factorial design methodology with 48 experimental runs. The values response parameters Ra, Rq and Rz were measured and the effect of process parameters wire type, wire tension, power, pulse on time and discharge current on these responses were studied qualitatively and quantitatively using main effect plots, interaction plots and ANOVA. Finally the optimal process parameter setting for responses were found by using full factorial design integrated PCA Approach.
Keyword: Surface Roughness, ANOVA, Full factorial design, PCA, Multi Performance Index

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Rismaya Kumar Mishra, Sibruta Nag, Saurabh Ketan Behera, Shiba Narayan Sahu "Experimentation and Optimization of Surface Roughness in WEDM Process Using Full Factorial Design Integrated PCA Approach"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper presents pair optical glass by using a graphical method for selecting achromatize and athermalize an imaging lens. An athermal glass map that plots thermal glass constant versus inverse Abbe number is derived through analysis of optical glasses in visible light. By introducing the equivalent Abbe number and equivalent thermal glass constant, although it is a multi-lens system, we have a simple way to visually identify possible optical materials. ZEMAX will be used to determine the change in focus through the expected temperature changes in Earth orbit. The thermal defocuses over -20°C to +60°C are reduced to be much less than the depth of focus of the system.
Key words:Athermal glass, ZEMAX, graphical method for selecting, athermalize lens.

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Raghad Ismail Ibrahim "Graphically Selecting Optical Material for Color Correction and Passive Athermalization"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Three exact solutions to the Darcy-Lapwood-Brinkman equation with variable permeability are obtained in this work. Solutions are obtained for a given vorticity distribution, taken as a function of the streamfunction. Classification of the flow field is provided and comparison is made with the solutions obtained when permeability is constant. Interdependence of Reynolds number and variable permeability is emphasized.
Key words:Darcy-Laprood-Brinkman equation, Variable permeability, Exact solutions

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S.O. Alharbi, T.L. Alderson, M.H. Hamdan "Analytic Solutions to the Darcy-Lapwood-Brinkman Equation with Variable Permeability"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Generally speaking, the task of the architecture is to create suitable atmosphere for performing a certain function of the human being. Though today, the interior and exterior space are shaped with equal responsibility and seriousness, the interior ambient is the one in which man spends most of his time. A building as a closed space provides protection from outside climate and weather changes and provides necessary conditions for work and living no matter the outside weather and climate conditions, sounds and noises. The outside walls with the windows are the vital shell under whose protection many useful human activities take place. The evolution of the window is as old as the architecture itself. Since the beginnings of architecture, man has been working on developing the window. One of the features of that evolution of the window is a relation of the surface of the hole of the window towards the outside walls. The advancing of the technology had its influence over the range of capacity of the construction which on the other hand had its influence over the enlarging the window's dimensions. From this we conclude that windows and window openings were and still are important instrument of expressing in the architecture. Besides providing daylight and air in the rooms, the windows also are a visual contact with the nature and underline the role of the building as a human being habitat like no other element of the building
Keyword: architecture, aluminum, climate conditions, function, windows

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Prof. Phd. Vangjel Dunovski, Damjan Balkoski "Development of Aluminum in Architecture"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In India there are many foundry have followed conventional and manual operations. Today's competitive environment has lower manufacturing cost, more productivity in less time, high quality product, defect free operation are required to follow to every foundry man. Mould shifting, Crushing, Lower Surface finish, Shrinkage, Porosity, Cold shut and Extra material are common casting defects due to these manual operations. These defects directly affect on productivity, profitability and quality level of organization. In the current global competitive environment there is a need for the casting units and foundries to develop the components in short lead time. Defect free castings with minimum production cost have become the need of foundry. In any casting industry the leading problem taking place is Mould shifting from electrical furnace to the die casting. In the present work an attempt was made to fabricate the pneumatic system for pouring the molten metal in to the cavity semi automatically. The system was tested for carrying the metal which reduces the manual work for mould shifting from electrical furnace to die casting and the results are compared with manual working which improves the quality, productivity and defect free product.
Key words:Casting Industry- Molten metal pouring- Pneumatic System- Productivity.

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D. Kanakaraja, K. Vishnu Vardan Reddy, S. Vinod, K. Siva Venkata Sai, A. Rama Krishna "Fabrication of Semi-Automatic Molten Metal Pouring System in Casting Industries"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Earthquake is one of the most deadly phenomena which disturb the harmonious living among human beings and claimed large number of lives without any notice and warning. However one should always be ready to learn, how to live with seismic hazard and minimize its adverse effect on built environment, as its happening can't be prevented. The 6.1magnitute Earthquake of 21st September, 2009 caused huge damage in the eastern part of Bhutan and adjoining areas like Indian states and Bangladesh. This incident has now exposed to the seismic vulnerability and raised concerns over the safety of the built environment in Bhutan – particularly, the traditional stone and timber houses, some of which were badly affected during the earthquake. This paper presents an overview of damages observed in the region and its causes and performances of building during earthquake. It also describes, the seismic performance of those structures can be improved from life safety point of view, by adopting simple low-cost modifications to the existing construction practices and material selection with alternative solutions to make building earthquake resistant.
Key words:Earthquake, Building Structures, Stone masonry, Seismic design, Eastern Bhutan

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Chimi, Tshering Cheki "Seismic Vulnerability and Mitigation on Non-Engineered Traditional Buildings of Bhutan"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

"This chapter analyzes the unique problems posed by the use of computers by producers and performers of music as far as Human Computer Interaction (HCI) principles, methodologies and directives are concerned. In specific it focuses on interfaces that are built on mobile devices or similar medical equipment. HCI predicates involved in the workflow of aural interaction with computer devices are presented, starting from the abstract part of neurotologic interaction, then coping with usability issues of the Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) implemented for musical scripting and concluding to a synthesis stage which produces digitized sounds that improve or supersede prototypal analog audio signals. The evaluation of HCI elements for Computer Music under the prism of usability, including hearing or ophthalmic aids, aims at the development of new communication tools, new symbolic languages and finally better mobile user interfaces.
Keywords:Aural Communication, Computer Interfaces,Music Perception

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Dionysios Politis, Georgios Kyriafinis, Miltiadis Tsalighopoulos "Extending Aural and Music Interfaces To Mobile Device Interaction Design Architectures."Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Many reinforced concrete (RC) framed structures located in zones of high seismicity in India are constructed without considering the seismic code provisions. The vulnerability of inadequately designed structures represents seismic risk to occupants. The main cause of failure of multi-storey reinforced concrete frames during seismic motion is the sway mechanism. If the frame is designed on the basis of strong column-weak beam concept the possibilities of collapse due to sway mechanisms can be completely eliminated. In multi storey frame this can be achieved by allowing the plastic hinges to form, in a predetermined sequence only at the ends of all the beams while the columns remain essentially in elastic stage and by avoiding shear mode of failures in columns and beams. This procedure for design is known as Capacity based design which would be the future design philosophy for earthquake resistant design of multi storey reinforced concrete frames. Model of multi bay multi storied residential building study were done using the software program ETAB2015 and were analyzed using non-linear static pushover analysis.
Keyword: Hinge properties, Non linear static analysis, Pushover analysis, and Capacity based design of RC frame

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Bhave Priyanka, Banarase Mayur "Analysis and Capacity Based Earthquake Resistance Design of Multy Bay Multy Storeyed Residential Building"Vol. 6 - Issue 4 (April - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com