Peer Reviewed Journal

Abstract:

Synchronization is a prime requirement in the process of Digital systems. Wherein new devices are upcoming towards providing higher service level, advanced distributed systems are been integrated onto a single platform for higher service provision. However with the integration of large processing units, the distributed processing needs a high level synchronization with minimum processing overhead. The issue of synchronization was processed by various approaches. This paper outlines a brief review on the developments made in the field of synchronization approach to digital system, under distributed mode operation.
Keyword: Digital system, Distributed system, Processing overhead, Service level, Synchronization

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Sukanya. K, Dr. G. Laxminarayana "A Review - Synchronization Approaches to Digital systems"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The assessment of ecosystem service functions is one of the focused area in modern ecological and environmental research. As a typical shallow macrophytic lake in China, Nansi Lake is selected as the study area. Based the indicator system and assessment models established in this research, the ecosystem service functions of Nansi Lake are assessed. The results show that the ecosystem service funtion of drinking water source area/aquatic product supply/ecological habitat/entertainment and landscape/ water purification function of the lakeside zone for Nansi Lake is assessed as medium (2.2)/good (3.5)/medium (3)/medium (2.55)/medium (3), and the overall ecosystem service function of Nansi Lake can be considered as ―Medium‖. The eutrophication control and ecological restoration of lakeside wetland need to be enhanced in the future.
Key words:Assessment, Ecosystem function, Ecosystem service, Ecosystem, Nansi Lake

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Zhongyu Wang, Wang Tian, Huayong Zhang "Assessment on the Ecosystem Service Functions of Nansi Lake in China"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

"SMiXE's – Small & Micro Extended Enterprises", in automobile industry, though referred as Small & Micro, but forms a bulk or a huge base of the automobile Cluster/ Pyramid (see Fig 1 below) in terms of people employed, work done by them in tot up. It compliments the auto industry in absorbing the cost pressure and at the same time facilitates the auto industry in segregating the less efficient routine as well as menial work towards the bottom of the pyramid. Freeing the OEM to focus on their core activities. By their very "Nature & Need", SMiXE have to be very "Agile, Cost Competitive and Adaptive" by their "Nature", as all OEM's (Global & Local) are being forced to adapt new, improved, environment friendly and fuel efficient standards. The environment in which they (SMiXE) exist and to the very market ("Need") that they cater is very dynamic. Keeping the above mentioned points and the constraints mentioned below, in this paper we will be evaluating the best suited EA framework which will enable us in providing a viable EA solution for SMiXE's.
Keywords: Automobile Industry, Enterprise Architecture, First Tier Supplier (FTS) , Job Work, Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM), Second Tier Supplier, Subcontractors , TOGAF, Zachman Framework

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Avinash R Padole, Sudhir W Mohod "Micro Extended[X] Enterprises & An Ea Framework Best Suited For Them"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Augmented reality technology is a tool with great potential for application in several areas, including engineering. During the early phases of the enterprise life cycle, as design and construction, augmented reality has been widely used. Concrete dams, during operation and maintenance phase, require regular inspections as part of the necessary activities to keep their structural safety. Cracks are common pathology in these structures that must be detected, mapped and measured as their evolution may evidence structure compromising, need for maintenance or intervention. In this context this paper aims to present a prototype to access in situ the dam cracks information through the use of augmented reality, thus giving a contribution to the effectiveness and efficiency of inspections.
Keywords –augmented reality, crack, dam, dam safety, dam inspection

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Fabiana Frata Furlan Peres, Sergio Scheer, Étore Funchal De Faria, William Antonio Da Rosa "Augmented Reality to Access Dam Cracks Information"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The growing concern over environmental degradation resulting from combustion of fossil fuels and depleting fossil fuel reserves has raised awareness about alternative energy options. Renewable energy system is perfect solution of this problem. This paper presents a mathematical model of single diode solar photovoltaic (SPV) module. SPV cell generates electricity when exposed to sunlight but this generation depends on whether condition like temperature and irradiance, for better accuracy all the parameters are considered including shunt, series resistance and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. The output is analyzed by varying the temperature and irradiance and effect of change in shunt and series resistance is also observed.
Keywords:Solar photovoltaic (SPV), standard test condition (STC), mathematical model.

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Amit Anand, A. K. Akella "Modelling and analysis of Single Diode Photovoltaic Module using MATLAB/Simulink"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper represents production of high fructose syrup. For the production of High Fructose Syrup a cheap cane molasses was selected. The isomerisation of glucose to fructose experiments was conducted using soluble and immobilized glucose Isomerase enzyme. The experimental investigations covered a wide range of parameters value such as isomerisation temperature, pH range and incubation period and enzyme concentration. The paper has comparative study of soluble and immobilized Glucose Isomerase enzyme.
Keywords-High fructose syrup, immobilization, Molasses, Sweetener

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Vandana Saxena, "Comparative Study of Soluble, Immobilised and co-immobilized Glucose Isomerase Enzyme in the production of High Fructose syrup from molassesVol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Banking sector is one of the vital financial pillars of Indian economy. The liberalization policy has affected the competitiveness of banks due to the global pressures resulting into combination of Human Resource Management with business policies. The survey by Boston Consulting Group (BCG) and Indian Bank's Association (IBA) report that the Indian banking industry will face two upcoming challenges that is an economically viable solution for financial inclusion and human resources framework in next one decade. While the first challenge demands unusual innovation and experimentation, the second threatens to cripple the ability of the largest segment of the banking industry from being able to innovate and stay competitive. The unique complexities of the public sector make conventional HR solutions ineffective. The initiatives like "Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana" by the Honourable Prime Minister of India, banks contribution in the financial inclusion has boosted up, but the employee's expectations from the industry have also arisen. This calls for a need to innovate the earlier HR practices of the banks so that the employee productivity can be enhanced. This paper aims to provide an insight to such innovations, related to Human Resource Management with the help of a primary study based on the viewpoints of HR managers of six different Indian banks both from public and private sector. These innovative HRM practices have been listed under seven different heads of HRM namely recruitment & selection, training and development, performance management, compensation management, career development, employee motivation and employee security. A few of the earlier studies have also been referred for the final conclusions. The level of implementation of these innovations may not be satisfactory, yet the implementation has been started and the favourable results in the productivity will make these banks feel how important these are for their growth. It has been found that convergence of practices of new and innovative HR areas will benefit the banks to become more competitive.
Keywords - Innovations, Human Resource Management, Banking, Practices, Indian Banks

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Teju kujur, Mushtaq Ahmad Shah "Innovative Human Resource Practices In Indian Banks: A Study From Hr Manager's Perspective"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Relational database is a collection of relations. Duplicate tuple existence is common in many real time relational databases. There is no known, simple and direct technique for finding duplicated records in relational database. In a relational database, if the same real-world entity is represented by more than one tuple, then such tuples are called duplicate tuples. Finding duplicate tuples and then replacing them by one best tuple is called a fusion operation. Whenever duplicate tuples are found in the relations of any database, those tuples must be replaced with one special best approximate tuple that represents the joint information of all the duplicate tuples. Present study proposes new techniques to find duplicate tuples and then remove those duplicate tuples with the correct real world tuples. In the first step duplicate tuples in the relation are classified based on the class label and in the second step then for each set of duplicate tuples functional dependency method or union method is applied to replace duplicate tuples with the corresponding correct real world single tuple. One possibility is to replace one set of duplicate tuples with one correct real world tuple. Another possibility is to replace two or more sets of duplicate tuples in the relation by one set of correct real world tuples. Sometimes the removal of duplicate tuples in the relations of any relational database can create referential integrity violations. All such violations must be controlled and coordinated syntactically as well as semantically in relations.
Keywords - Relational Database, Duplicate Tuples, Joins, Union

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Dr.K.VenkataRamana, Dr.G.V.Ramesh Babu "Confiscation of Duplicate Tuples in The Relational Databases"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Study of rainfall and runoff for any area and modeling it, is one of the important aspects for planning and development of water resources. The development of water resources and its effective management plays a vital role in development of any country more particularly in India, which is an agricultural based economy. Hence it is intended to develop a model of Rainfall and runoff to a river basin and also apply the methodology to Sarada River Basin which has drainage area of 1252.99 Sq.km. The basin is situated in Vishakhapatnam district of Andhra Pradesh, India. The rainfall and runoff data has been collected from the gauging stations of the basin apart from rainfall data from nearby stations. MNRCS-CN method has been adopted to calculate runoff. Various hydrological parameters like soil information, rainfall, land use and land cover (LU/LC) were considered to use in MNRCS-CN method. The depth of runoff has been computed for different land use patterns using, IRS-P4-LISS IV data for the study area. Based on the analysis, land use/land cover pattern of Sarada River Basin has been prepared. The land use/land cover patterns were also visually interpreted and digitized using ERDAS IMAGINE software. The raster data was processed in ERDAS and geo-referenced and various maps viz. LU/LC maps, drainage map, contour map, DEM (Digital elevation model) have been generated apart from rainfall potential map using GIS tool. The estimated runoff using MNRCS-CN model has been simulated and compared with that of actual runoff. The performance of the model is found to be good for the data considered. The coefficient of determination R2 value for the observed runoff and that of the computed runoff is found to be more than 0.72 for the selected watershed basin.
Keywords - Watershed, Land use/Land cover, MNRCS, Rainfall-Runoff Modelling, DEM,RS and GIS

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P.Sundara Kumar, T.V.Praveen, M.A.Prasad, "Rainfall-Runoff Modelling using Modified NRCS-CN,RS and GIS -A Case Study"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In this paper we have obtained some results on fuzzy supra topological spaces introduced in [9].
Keywords -fuzzy supra topological spaces, graph, continuity

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Manjari Srivastava, "Some Results on Fuzzy Supra Topological Spaces"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper deals with the quality of storm water and its recipient sea water. For this purpose, UV spectroscopy and pattern recognition methods were used. The treatment of the zero-order spectral data showed that almost all storm water samples were classified into two groups. The treatment of the first-order derivative spectral data showed that each of these groups can be divided into two subgroups, with few samples common, while the second-order derivatization has highlighted the final group of the common samples. Finally, sea water samples were classified into two groups after processing of the spectral data. The majority of the samples was classified to the first group and the rest of them to the second group.
Keywords - first order derivative spectra, sea water, second order derivative spectra, storm water, UV spectroscopy

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Melina Kotti, Eleni Kokinou, George Stavroulakis "Classification of storm water and sea water samples by zero-, first- and second-order derivative UV spectra and pattern recognition methods"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Nowadays, cities around the world intend to use information technology to improve the lives of their citizens. Future smart cities will incorporate digital data and technology to interact differently with their human inhabitants. Among the key component of a smart city, we find the smart home component. It is an autonomic environment that can provide various smart services by considering the user's context information. Several methods are used in context-aware system to provide such services. In this paper, we propose an approach to offer the most relevant services to the user according to any significant change of his context environment. The proposed approach is based on the use of context history information together with user profiling and machine learning techniques. Experimentations show that the proposed solution can efficiently provide the most useful services to the user in an intelligent home environment.
Key words:smart home, pervasive computing, recommender systems, machine learning

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Belghini Naouar , Gouttaya Nesrine , Sayouti Adil, Marah Bouchaib, "Proactive Intelligent Home System Using Contextual Information and Neural Network Approach"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Since the invention of the wheel, man has always sought to reduce effort to get things done easily. Ultimately, it has resulted in the invention of the Robot, an Engineering Marvel. Up until now, the major factor that hampers widespread usage of robots is locomotion and maneuverability. They are not fit enough to conform even to the most commonplace terrain such as stairs. To overcome this, we are proposing a stair climbing wheelchair robot that looks a lot like a normal wheelchair but with additional stair-climbing functionality to adjust itself according to the height of the step The primarily goal of the prescribed manuscript herewith is to analyze the functional requirements, optimization methods, dynamics and stability during a tracked robotic wheelchair's climbing of stairs mechanism. At first, the mechanical structure of the wheelchair is designed and the hardware composition of its full control system is devised. Secondly, based on the analysis of its stairs‐climbing process, the dynamical model of stairs‐climbing is established by using the classical mechanics method. Next, through simulation and experiments, the effectiveness of the dynamical model, its stability evaluation and performance parameters is verified. Such procedures will help in establishing a strong fundamental foundation steps to design and develop a standalone semi-autonomous wheelchair that will help and enable a physically challenged person by leg to climb difficult terrains like staircase and speed-breakers with ease and comfort. This design encompasses Renesas's Arduino compatible GR-KAEDE boards, servo motors, high torque DC motors and various peripheral devices as incorporated in design diagram. We have also extended the application of wheelchair by integrating collision avoidance mechanism.
Keywords –Robot, Arduino, Climbing Robot, wheelchair, GR-KAEDE boards

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Shashank Shekhar Sahoo, Himank Kinkar, "Research on Optimization, Dynamics and Stability of Stair-climbing Wheelchair"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Most distribution network design models existing in the literature have focused on minimizing the costs of inventory and transportation. During the analysis of supply chain of currency management problem it is observed that the transportation of currency from various sources to various destinations and the required inventory to be maintained to meet the emerging demands requires formulation of a combined problem. This framework aims to support the coordination of inventory and transportation activities to properly manage the inventory profiles and currency flows between source locations and distribution centers. This paper considers a multi-period inventory and transportation model for a single commodity. The key contribution of this paper is, a mathematical programming formulation of transportation cum inventory problem is proposed and an algorithm for this new formulation as a multi period decision process is intended. A numerical example of currency transportation cum inventory is presented to illustrate the proposed algorithm.
Keywords: Transportation, and Inventory, Supply chain, Algorithm, multi- period.

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G.Krishnakumari, "Formulation of a Combined Transportation and Inventory Optimization Model with Multiple Time PeriodsVol. 6 - Issue 3 (March- 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Current trends in developing technologies form important bridges to the future, fortified by the early and productive use of technology for enriching the human life. Speech signal processing, which includes automatic speech recognition, synthetic speech, and natural language processing, is beginning to have a significant impact on business, industry and ease of operation of personal computers. Apart from this, it facilitates the deeper understanding of complex mechanism of functioning of human brain. Advances in speech recognition technology, over the past five decades, have enabled a wide range of industrial applications. Yet today's applications provide a small preview of a rich future for speech and voice interface technology that will eventually replace keyboards with microphones for designing human machine interface for providing easy access to increasingly intelligent machines. It also shows how the capabilities of speech recognition systems in industrial applications are evolving over time to usher in the next generation of voice-enabled services. This paper aims to present an effective survey of the speech recognition technology described in the available literature and integrate the insights gained during the process of study of individual research and developments. The current applications of speech recognition for real world and industry have also been outlined with special reference to applications in the areas of medical, industrial robotics, forensic, defence and aviation.
Keywords – Artificial Intelligence, Automatic Speech Recognition, Human Machine Interface, Voice User Interface

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Dr. Jayashri Vajpai, Avnish Bora "Industrial Applications of Automatic Speech Recognition Systems"Vol. 6 - Issue 3 (March - 2016), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com