Peer Reviewed Journal

Abstract:

In design-making process, Source of inspiration has a vital role, both in defining the characteristics of a new design and in informing the creation of a distinct design. This study was based on the idea to promote creative and original textile designs by using a source of inspiration. The purpose of the study was to create some original and innovative designs for textiles by using natural paintings of William Morris as an inspiration and incorporating modern elements in the design. Several designs were made and three were selected that were innovative and suitable for textile designing. This study marks the significance of a source of inspiration in textile designing.
Keywords: Design; Creative; Textile; Inspiration; Innovative; William Morris

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Bakhtawer Sabir Malik, Naheed Azhar, "Role of Inspiration in Creating Textile Design"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

An approach based on Z-transform is presented to obtain a single phase electric loads model in the presence of harmonics. The impedance or admittance of the load is expressed as a linear autoregressive exogenous input (ARX). The parameters of this series are identified using the least error squares (LES) algorithm. This algorithm uses the digitized samples of the load-input voltage and the resulting output current. Having identified the ARX parameters model, the impedance, or admittance of the equivalent circuit of the load can be written in the time domain. Using the well-known definition of the perunit Z, the admittance of the load can be expressed in the frequency domain. The proposed algorithm can easily be used to model the impedance or admittance of the electric distribution network on the harmonic polluted environment, as well as the transmission network, for load flow, stability analysis and harmonics filter design. The results of simulated and actual recorded data are reported in this paper.
Keywords: Z transform, electric load modeling, harmonics, LES estimation

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Ahmad M. Alkandari, Osamah Alduaij, "Using Z-Transform for Electric Loads Modeling in the Presence of Harmonics"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Personnel selection is the critical stage of human resource management (HRM). It is undeniable fact that qualified personnel is one of the necessary building blocks for organization success because improper personnel might cause many obstacles for an organization and dissipates it resource as time, effort, and money. Indeed, complexity and the important role of personnel selection problem require the application of robust and equitable methods. An effective, helpful, and reliable approach has been developed to deal with personnel selection problem is multi criteria decision making (MCDM) methods. In this paper, we focus on the application of MCDM methods for personnel selection problem and review numerous international journal articles accessible on famous academic databases.
Keywords: Fuzzy set theory, Grey Relation Analysis (GRA), Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), Personnel selection, Expert systems

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Mahdi Khorami, Dr. Rahim Ehsani, "Application of Multi Criteria Decision Making approaches for personnel selection problem: A survey"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The vehicle suspension system supports and isolate the vehicle body and payload from road vibrations due to surface roughness by maintaining a controllable damping traction force between tires and road surface. In modern luxury vehicles semi active suspension system are offering both the reliability and accuracy that has enhanced the passenger ride comfort with less power demand. In this paper we have proposed the design of a hybrid control system having a combination of skyhook theory with fuzzy logic control and applied on a semi-active vehicle suspension system for its ride comfort enhancement. A two degree of freedom dynamic model is simulated using Matlab/Simulink for a vehicle equipped with semi-active suspension system with focused on the passenger‟s ride comfort performance.
Keywords: Skyhook Theory, Ride comfort, suspension system, Fuzzy logic control, 2-Degree of freedom vehicle model.

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Munaim Akhtar, Dr. Shahnawaz Alam, Faiz Mohd, "Fuzzy rules incorporated skyhook theory based vehicular suspension design for improving ride comfort"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper is to compare probability theory with possibility theory, and to use this comparison in comparing probability theory with fuzzy set theory. The best way of comparing probabilistic and possibilistic conceptualizations of uncertainty is to examine the two theories from a broader perspective. Such a perspective is offered by evidence theory, within which probability theory and possibility theory are recognized as special branches. While the various characteristic of possibility theory within the broader framework of evidence theory are expounded in this paper, we need to introduce their probabilistic counterparts to facilitate our discussion.
Keywords: Probability theory, possibility theory, probability measure (Pro), possibility measure (Pos), belief measure (Bel), Plausibility measure (Pl) and necessity measure (Nec).

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Parul Agarwal, Dr. H.S. Nayal, "Possibility Theory versus Probability Theory in Fuzzy Measure Theory"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Rolling element bearing is essential part of machinery. The rolling bearing, with outer ring fixed, is a multi body mechanical system with rolling elements that transmit motion and load from the inner raceway to the outer raceway. The rolling bearings dynamical behaviour analysis is an important condition to determine the machine vibration response. Modern trend of Dynamic analysis is useful in early prediction. Dynamic analysis has become a very powerful tool for the betterment of the actual performance of the system. The methodology for prediction and validation of dynamic characteristics of bearing rotor system vibration is studied. ANSYS software is the promising tools for the modelling. The result obtained from FEA are validated with experimental results.
Keyword— deep groove ball Bearing, Outer race defects, Inner race defect, FFT analysis.

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Mr. Shaha Rohit D, Prof. S. S. Kulkarni, "Vibration Analysis of deep groove ball bearing using Finite Element Analysis"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Expansive soil in SokooNgawi East Java often gives problems in the building stability. This research aims to study the properties of the soil in the area that mainly related to changes in moisture content in particular the influence of the degree of saturation of the swelling strain.
Swelling tests were performed on disturbed soil by means of oedometer at 6.9 kPa overburden pressure. Initial moisture contents used were varied from 15.04% to 42.88%. Swelling strain was measured using overburden pressure 6.9 kPa and swelling pressure obtained from the pressure required to return the sample to the original condition.
The test results show that for initial moisture content 15.04 % , γd= 1.471 gr/cm ³,S = 50.70 % the maximum swelling strain were 38.04% and swelling pressure was 2392 kPa. The initial moisture content 42.88%, γd= 0.926 gr / cm ³, S = 65.26 % the minimum swelling strain was 1.68 % and swelling pressure was 34 kPa.
Keyword— Expansive soil, degree of saturation, swelling strain, swelling pressure.

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Sjafrudin Latar, Hary Christady Hardiyatmo, Agus Darmawan Adi, "Relationship with the Degree of Saturation of the Swelling Strain"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Energy fraud is when the consumer deliberately tries to deceive the utility. A common practice is to tamper with the meter so that a lower reading of power use is shown than is the case.
This paper develops an automated energy fraud detection scheme for power utilities.
In the scheme, when the mains is switched ON, input and output signals are compared to check for any discrepancies. When no discrepancy is recorded, a green LED will be ON until a discrepancy occurs. When a discrepancy is recorded, a red LED at the substation turns ON to notify the operator after which the consumer data will recorded. The nearest substation is then notified after all the data have been taken and the mains are turned OFF.
The scheme saves time as well as helping to maximize profit margin for power utilities working in electrical distribution network.
The scheme also assists utility companies to keep a constant eye on its customers.
Keywords: Energy fraud, Utilities, Discrepancy, Commercial losses, Energy meter, Technical losses, Distribution charges, Billing irregularities.

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Ganiyu A. Ajenikoko, Ogunmakinde. Jimoh Ogunwuyi, "An Energy Fraud Detection Scheme for Power Utilities"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Dispersed generation (DG) is defined as any source of electrical energy of limited size that is connected directly to the distribution system of a power network. It is also called decentralized generation, embedded generation or distributed generation.
Dispersed generation is any modular generation located at or near the load center. It can be applied in the form of rechargeable, such as, mini-hydro, solar, wind and photovoltaic system or in the form of fuel-based systems, such as, fuel cells and micro-turbines.
This paper presents the impact of dispersed generation on the optimization of power exports. Computer simulation was carried out using the hourly loads of the selected distribution feeders on Kaduna distribution system as input parameters for the computation of the line loss reduction ratio index (LLRI).
The result showed that the line loss reduced from 163.56MW to 144.61 MW when DG was introduced which is an indication of a reduction in line losses with the installation of DG at the various feeders of the distribution system. In all the feeders where DG is integrated, the average magnitude of the line loss reduction index is 0.8754 MW which is less than 1 indicating a reduction in the electrical line losses with the introduction of DG. The line loss reduction index confirmed that by integrating DG into the distribution system, the distribution losses are reduced and optimization of power exports is achieved
The results of this research paper will form a basis to establish that proper location of distributed generation units have significant impact on their effective capacity.
Key words: Dispersed generation, Line loss reduction ratio, Simulation, Optimization, Thermal losses, Penetration level, Dispersion level.

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Ganiyu A. Ajenikoko, Adebayo Wasiu Eboda K, "Impact of Dispersed Generation on Optimization of Power Exports"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Mobile Ad-hoc Network is a kind of wireless network. It is a backbone of new generation advanced communication technology. MANET is an ideal applicant for rescue and emergency situation due to its independence of connected devices of fixed wires. This paper represents a work on trust based system in MANET cluster that can be used to improve the performance of the network even in the existence of not trusted nodes. In the cluster architecture, cluster head and gateway nodes form a communication for routing among neighbouring clusters. But selection of cluster head is the important problem in dynamic Ad-hoc network because cluster head work as coordinator in clustered architecture. In this work, some values have used correspond to the threshold values of forward packet and dropped packet of each node within the network cluster. These values have been used dynamically updated every time and the node is selected as cluster head. In this technique of selecting the node as cluster head, the node which has maximum trusted value is elected as cluster head and this information is updated in every node's trusted table. After implementation of our desired work, the proposed Dynamic Trust Evaluation of Cluster Head (DTE-CH) technique is analysed with traditional routing protocols and traditional clustering technique viz. Highest Degree Algorithm. The simulation is done by using network simulator software on the basis of different performance metrics throughput, packet delivery ratio, routing overhead, packet drop, average end to end delay and remain energy. Simulation result presents that proposed DTE-CH technique improves the performance of network as compare to most suitable existing AODV MANET protocol based technique as well as traditional highest degree clustering technique.
Key words: MANET, Routing Protocols, Highest Degree Clustering Algorithm, Proposed DTE-CH Algorithm

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Mr. Pratik Gite, Dr. Sanjay Thakur, "Comparative Analysis of MANET Routing Protocols and Cluster Head Selection Technique in MANET"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Error Correcting Codes are required to have a reliable communication through a medium that has an unacceptable bit error rate and low signal to noise ratio. Data gets corrupted during the transmission and reception due to noises and interferences. The Bose, Chaudhuri, and Hocquenghem (BCH) codes are being widely used in variety communication and storage systems. In this paper, a simplified algorithm for BCH decoding is proposed with a view to reduce the number of iterations for error detection in the syndrome calculator block of BCH decoders with a percentage of up to 80 % compared to the basic syndrome block. First, we developed the design of the proposed algorithm second, we generated and simulated the hardware description language source code using Quartus software tools and finally we implemented the new algorithm of syndrome block on FPGA card.
Keywords: Digital video broadcasting-satellite-second generation,BCH decoder,Syndrome Block, iterations, add syndromes, FPGA implementation.

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El Habti El Idrissi Anas, El Gouri Rachid, Ahmed Lichioui, Hlou Laamari, "Conception of a new Syndrome Block for BCH codes with hardware Implementation on FPGA Card"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Stainlesssteel 403 is high-alloysteelwith good corrosion resistance and it'svery hard material. Abrasive water jet is an effective method for machining, cutting and drilling of stainlesssteel 403. In thispaperweoptimize the metalremoval rate of stainlesssteel 403 in abrasive water jet machining. The MRRisoptimize by usingthreeparameters water pressure, abrasive flow rate and stand-off distance and L₉ orthogonal array of Taguchimethod use to analyse the result. 9 experimentalrunsbased on L₉ orthogonal array of Taguchimethod.
Keywords: Abrasive water jet machine, stainless steel 403, garnet 80 mesh, L9 orthogonal array of Taguchi

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Ramprasad, Gaurav Upadhyay, Kamal Hassan, "Optimization MRR Of Stainless Steel 403 In Abrasive Water Jet Machining Using Anova And Taguchi Method"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

To investigate vibration characteristics of the building, the natural frequency of the building was estimated using microtoremor and strong motion. In case estimated using microtoremor data, the natural frequency was 2.40Hz in the minor axis of the building. However, in case estimated using strong motion data, the average of them was 2.28Hz that is lower than that of microtremor. From a time series analysis on strong motion data, the natural frequency indicates high value before the part of principal motion, it drops to a lower on the part of principal motion. And it goes back with the decreasing acceleration amplitude of motion. It means that the natural frequency of the structure depends on the peak acceleration amplitude. Therefore, it is difficult to evaluate a health index only using the change of the natural frequency estimated by strong motion data. It means that it needs to use another parameter together.
Keywords: Building structure, Microtoremor, Natural frequency, Strong motion

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Katsumi Kurita, Shigeru Aoki, Issei Natori, "Vibration Characteristics of a Building Structure from a Natural Frequency Point of View"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper intends to briefly compare between using Mercury lamps and High Pressure Sodium lamps in the street lighting networks in the State of Kuwait. This will lead us to show the advantages and disadvantages of each of them (Mercury and High Pressure Sodium) in the street lighting networks. In addition, we are going to introduce some facts and figures from Ministry of Electricity and Water in the State of Kuwait (MEW) to support our study as a case study.
Keywords: Mercury lamps, High Pressure Sodium lamps, Street lighting networks

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Khaled I. M. Alduraie, "A Study of Replacing Mercury Lamps with High Pressure Sodium Lamps in the Street Lighting Networks of the State of Kuwait"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The ultimate objective of manufacturing industries is to increase productivity with high quality. At present, many manufacturing companies are facing problems such as high quality rejection, high inventories, high lead time, high costs of production, and inability to cope with customer orders.
By implementing and practicing the lean production system many problems can be solved without employing high-tech and high-touch approaches but by involving people on the shop floor in Kaizen activities. Kaizen is one of the powerful tools of lean manufacturing. Kaizen refers to continuous improvement in performance, cost and quality. Kaizen ensures that manufacturing processes become leaner and fitter, but eliminate waste (problem) where value is added.
The main objective of this paper is to provide a background on kaizen, present an overview of kaizen concepts that are used to transform a company into a high performing lean enterprise. A case study of implementation of Kaizen‟s has been discussed.
Keywords: Kaizen, Lean Manufacturing, Muda, Lead time,..

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Manjunath Shettar, Pavan Hiremath, Nikhil R, Vithal Rao Chauhan, "KAIZEN – A case study"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper analyzes the influencing factors of carbon emission sources and in the transport stage and construction process of the construction phase, then study the appropriate control measures and energy-saving suggestions for the construction enterprises to achieve low-carbon construction and to provide effective basis of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Keyword: Construction of carbon emissions, influencing factors, control measures, energy saving.

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Jing Zhenyan, "The Factors affecting the construction of low-carbon construction and the Countermeasures"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Rice bran, a by-product of rice milling industry is rich in micronutrients like oryzanols, tocopherols, tocotrienols, phytosterols and dietary fibers. The high nutritional profile of rice bran has not been utilized due to problems associated with lipase enzyme, which reduces the quality of rice bran and makes it unfit for human consumption. After the stabilization of lipase enzyme, it is possible to derive highly nutritious value-added products of rice bran. Due to the presence of antioxidants, it helps in lowering plasma cholesterol, decreasing serum cholesterol, decreasing cholesterol absorption and decreasing platelet aggregation. It has also been used to cure hyperlipidemia, menopause disorders and to increase the muscle mass. The most widely accepted product of rice bran is its oil that has exceptional properties as compared to other vegetable oils. This review paper describes the distinct properties of rice bran as well as its health benefits.
Keyword: Rice bran, oryzanols, value-added products, antioxidants, cholesterol.

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Renu Sharma, Tanuja Srivastava, D.C. Saxena, "Studies on Rice Bran and its benefits- A Review"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This work describes the study to investigate and compare the mechanical and thermal properties of raw jute and glass fiber reinforced polyester hybrid composites. To improve the mechanical properties, jute fiber was hybridized with glass fiber. Polyester resin, jute and glass fibers were laminated in three weight ratios(77/23/0, 68/25/7 and 56/21/23) respectively to form composites. The tensile, flexural, impact, density, thermal and water absorption tests were carried out using hybrid composite samples. This study shows that the addition of jute fiber and glass fiber in polyester, increase the density, the impact energy, the tensile strength and the flexural strength, but decrease the loss mass in function of temperature and the water absorption. Morphological analysis was carried out to observe fracture behavior and fiber pull-out of the samples using scanning electron microscope.
Keyword: A. Jute, A. Resin, B. Mechanical properties, D. Mechanical testing.

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Braga, R. A., Silva, R. S., Magalhaes Jr, P. A. A, "Comparative analysis of the mechanical and thermal properties of polyester hybrid composites reinforced by jute and glass fiber."Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The problem of cracking in building is becoming a difficult puzzle for engineers nowadays. Cracking is an unavoidable response of any structure while designers are trying to eliminate many of the causes of cracking and design tolerance for other factors. We all want our building structurally safe but it is not so easy. Some faulty steps during construction and some unavoidable reasons different type of cracks starts to appear on various structural and non- structural parts of the building. So, timely identification of such cracks and adopting preventive measure are essential. The repair materials and repair technique are different depending upon forms of cracks according to their positions in structure. Some types of cracks seriously need attention as they are structurally hazardous. In this paper, we will discuss about the problem engineers are facing i.e. of cracking after construction and what preventive measures should be taken along with the techniques to cure cracks.
Keyword: Cracks, Causes of cracking, Preventive Measures, Techniques.

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Pooja Nama, Ankush Jain, Rajat Srivastava and Yash Bhatia, "Study on Causes of Cracks & its Preventive Measures in Concrete Structures"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Islanding detection and anti-islanding protection is an important concern in grid connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system due to utility service personnel and equipment safety. The aim of this paper is to analyse, design, implement and evaluate an active anti-islanding method in solar photovoltaic power plants. Active methods introduce a deliberate disturbance into the system, and monitor the disturbance effect for islanding detection. An active islanding detection method using voltage harmonic injection into the reference modulating signal is proposed in this study. The proposed method is based on injecting small voltage harmonics into the PWM modulator in order to detect the islanding event. The performance of the proposed method has been studied using simulations in POWERSIM platform and the results are presented to highlight the effectiveness of the method.
Keyword: Anti-islanding, Active Anti-islanding, Islanding, PV System, Passive Anti-islanding,Voltage Harmonic Injection.

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Rose Therese K Jose, Nisha R, Ramesh P, Jiju K, "Active Anti-Islanding Protection For Grid Connected Solar Photovoltaic Power Plant"Vol. 5 - Issue 5 (May - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com