Peer Reviewed Journal

Abstract:

Glass is a widely used product throughout the world; it is versatile, durable and reliable. The uses of glass ranges drastically, therefore waste glass is discarded, stockpiled or land filled. About million tons of waste glass is generated and around large percent of this glass is disposed of in landfills. This pattern has influenced environmental organizations to pressure the professional community to lower the amount of glass being discarded as well as find use to the non-recycled glass in new applications. In relation, the recycling of waste glass as a component in concrete gives waste glass a sustainable alternative to land filling and therefore makes it economically viable.The proposed study of utilising waste glass powder(GLP) in concrete as partial replacement of cement as well as the use of crushed glass particles(CGP) retained on 1.18mm & 2.36mm IS sieve as a partial replacement to sand, which offers important benefits related to strength of concrete as well as it is eco-friendly. Recycling of mixed-colour waste glass possesses major problems for municipalities, and this problem can be greatly eliminated by re-using waste glass as sand/cement replacement in concrete. Moreover, re-using waste materials in construction can reduce the demand on the sources of primary materials.In this project the attempts have been made to partially replace the cement as well as sand by waste glass powder and crushed glass particles with equal combination by 5% interval up to 20% replacement and observe its effect on the strength of concrete after 7 days and 28 days of curing.
Key word: compressive strength,crushed glass particles, flexural strength, Glass powder,partial replacement, split tensile strength.

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Sameer Shaikh, S.S.Bachhav, D.Y. Kshirsagar, "Effective Utilisation of Waste Glass in Concrete"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Summary:

Cloud computing is a computing technology aiming to share storage, computation, and services transparently among a massive users. Current cloud computing systems pose serious limitation to protecting the confidentiality of user data. Since the data share and stored is presented in unencrypted forms to remote machines owned and operated by third party service providers despite it sensitivity (example contact address, mails), the risks of disclosing user confidential data by service providers may be quite high and the risk of attacking cloud storage by third party is also increasing. The purpose of this study is to review researches done on this technology, identify the security risk and explore some techniques for protecting users‟ data from attackers in the cloud.
keywords:Cloud Computing, Review, Security challenges, Threats.

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Usman Namadi Inuwa"The Risk and Challenges of Cloud Computing "Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Disposal of plastics and other solid wastes has been a major problem in Kenya. Most of these wastes can be recycled through various ways and methods to produce new products. Plastics can be combined with sawdust to develop composite materials for applications such as in building. In this project, a wood-plastic composite (WPC) was developed from sawdust and plastic solid wastes.
The composite bore the advantages of both wood and plastics which can be applied in various sectors including interior design work and in automotive among others, thereby curbing the problem of garbage accumulation in the environment. The project provides eco-friendly solutions by making best use of the available resources (wood and plastic resins) thus, finding sustainable solutions to the problem of limited waste dumping sites and deforestation in the country. The composites were made from PP and HDPE thermoplastics and mahogany sawdust obtained from our wood workshop in Dedan Kimathi University. From the tests carried out and results obtained, it was found that, the composite has more advantages than the individual constituent materials.
Water absorption test revealed that all the samples took up water though not as much pronounced as for plain sawdust. Additionally, the rate of water reduction was found to be excellent. They took less time to release the absorbed water to the environment meaning that they can be applied in humid or wet environ. The composite samples were easy to machine since they were easily shaped using a handsaw.
Keywords: Wood, plastic, wood-plastic composite, HDPE, PP, water absorption

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Madaraka F. Mwema, Ngugi J. Mburu, Nzyoki Boniface Mutunga, Fondo Charo Kalama, "Development of Wood-Plastic Composite at Dedan Kimathi University of Technology, Kenya"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Broaches are used for machining either internal or external surface (i.e. sizing of holds and cutting of serrations, straight or helical planes, gun rifling and key ways). In this work a broach cutting tool is design to perform internal splines of synch shuttle transmission for flange coupling. Broaching is a machining process in which a cutting tool, having multiple transverse cutting edges, is pushed or pulled through a hole or surface to remove metal by axial method. It is capable of production rates as much as 25 times faster than any traditional metal removing methods In this work a broach cutting tool is design to perform internal splines on sleeve main shaft. A sophisticated ANSYS 11 (FEM) package shall be used to analyze the displacements and stresses present in broach cutting tool. Further the solid model can be used to perform the finite element analysis which would help in knowing the characteristic of the broach tool under various cutting loads.

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Deepak .V. Mishra, Kshitija .M. Deshmukh, Vaibhav Somani, "Design and stress analysis of broach tool for splines"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In this article, we are interesting to investigate the corrosion inhibition of mild steel in sulfuric acid by two surfactants phospohonates already synthesized namely sodium methyldodecylphosphonate (Pho1) and sodium methyl (11-methacryloyloxyundecyl) phosphonate (Pho2). The inhibition performances of Pho1 and Pho2 on mild steel corrosion in 0,5M H₂SO₄ solution were studied using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), weight loss, and Tafel polarization technics. The experimental results suggest that those surfactants are effective corrosion inhibitors and the inhibition efficiency increases with the increase surfactants concentrations. Polarization measurements proved that the inhibitors behave as mixed-type. EIS diagram appears a large capacitive loop at high frequencies (HF) followed by a small inductive loop at low frequencies (LF) for Pho2, and the addition of this surfactant inhibitor increases the impedance of electrode. The adsorption of each surfactant on steel surface obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The thermodynamic and kinetic parameters were calculated and discussed. Values of inhibition efficiency calculated from weight loss, Tafel polarization curves, and EIS are in good agreement.
Key word: Surfactant phosphonates, mild steel, corrosion inhibition, H₂SO₄ acid, weight loss, polarization, EIS

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R. Ghibate, F. Sabry, Y. Kharbach, Y. Kandri Rodi, M.K. Skalli, A. Haoudi, O. Senhaji, M. Touzani, R. Taouil, A. Aouniti, B. Hammouti, "Valuation of surfactant Phosphonates synthesized in the protection of metal surfaces against corrosion of mild steel in 0.5M H2SO4 media"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

A theoretical model has been developed for the Non-imaging V-trough hybrid PV/T concentrator systems along with optical filter and validated with the designed and fabricated system to assess over all thermal efficiency of the PV/T system. A V-trough concentrator system has been developed for two axes tracking. Commercially available solar modules were evaluated for their usability under 2-sun concentration. V-trough concentrator with geometric concentration ratio of 2 (2-sun), we are getting an average overall efficiency of the PV/T system increased by 23.54 % extra overall thermal efficiency of the PV/T system as compared to the solar module efficiency at standard test conditions.
Key words – PV/T Systems, Hybridization, Optical Filter, Overall thermal efficiency, V-trough

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Sachin Gupta and Usha Bajpai, "Modeling and Testing of a PV/T hybrid system with Water based Optical Filter"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Worldwide coal in the 21st century will be influenced by concerns about the effects of coal combustion on the local, regional and global environment and on human health. Reliable coal quality data can help decision maker to better assess the risks and limit the possible environmental degradation and impact on health. Although millions of coal analysis have been performed worldwide, existing national quality databases are generally of limited use because much of the data are not readily accessible; geographic coverage are not comprehensive; analytical data may not be accurate; samples may not be representative, or current. This paper attempts to gives a fast, accurate, user-friendly and computerized method for analysis of coal quality using techniques of digital image processing for its better utilization.
Key word: Coal Quality, Coal Composition, Digital Image Processing, Saliency Map.

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Ms. Shrilekha P. Rathod, Prof. A. H. Soni, "An Approach on Determination on Coal Quality using Digital Image Processing"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Technology plays a vital role in each and every part of the world. In particular ―Cloud‖ computing - a moderately recent term, characterizes the path to develop the advancement in the world of computer science. Further, Cloud provides an affordable environment for its users through different forms of services such as SaaS (Software as a service), PaaS (Platform as a service), and IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service). Cloud computing is also an Internet-based computing where a large pool of systems are connected in private or public networks, and provide dynamically scalable infrastructure for application data as well as file storage. Security of Cloud computing is an evolving sub-domain of network security, computer security and information security. In spite of its advantages, Cloud environment has many security flaws such as loss of important data, data leakage and something related to cloning, resource pooling etc. Security of Cloud Computing is an emerging area for study. It includes several security and privacy issues with challenges and solutions for many security issues of cloud computing. The Control Office Application (COA) is the latest addition to train operations related IT application of Indian Railways. Along with the Freight Operations Information System (FOIS), COA has led to a complete transformation in train operations and facilitates all information on train operations being computer generated. It is this application that feeds the National Train Enquiry System (NTES) which provides passengers with up to date information on train running. COA also provides train operations information to FOIS and ICMS. The objective of the Indian Railways is to further improve the operations by using technological aids that enable quicker data capture and intelligent applications that provide better planning and forecasting tools. To overcome these issues, in Cloud computing, we can use SaaS (software as a service). In this paper, we have proposed a new IRIS algorithm to authenticate the users of COA software in the cloud environment.
Keywords: COA, SaaS, PaaS, IRIS, Authentication.

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Dr. K. Meena, Dr. M. Manimekalai, R. Raghuraman, "Implementing Iris in the Railway Control Office Application for Secure Saas in Cloud Environment"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper presents the methodology used for the automation of a mechanical system, which will be used to perform scans on tooth surfaces, in this paper the mathematical modeling of the structure for further implementation was carried out in order to get a reconfigurable device using specialized software. To carry out this study various mathematical tools for developing the mathematical model were used, then control routines that allow the manipulation mechanism for each axis independently performed. The implementation was carried out by integrating various electrical, electronic and computer systems for an efficient control of the movement and location of robot systems.
Key word: Automation, model, mathematical, mechatronic system, microcontroller, data acquisition card.

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Cortez Italo Jose, Cortez Liliana, Trinidad Garcia Gregorio, Morokina Galina S, Luisillo Miguel, "Instrumentation and Automation of Mechatronic"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

" This research article addresses the evaluation of power conversion on heavy payload tethered hexarotors where the payloads are high and hovering times are long. Modifications were added to the power conversion unit based on operation reliability perspective. Since the objective power conversion is large comparing to existing tethered UAVs today, a strategic engineering approach was proposed and tested based on partial observations on current spikes and power thresholds of DCDC switching regulators. Research problem is such that, when UAV motors are consuming low currents, the current spikes are not the plausible cause of direct power failure. But at higher currents even small current spikes could cause power failures. Risk increase with time and situations worsen when UAVs operate under high precision flight controls. When the number of parallel converters are small this becomes a mission critical problem. As a solution, fast switching high current diodes are used at the low voltage high current output to block reverse currents, and then apply low voltage bus bar to prevent dependency issues on particular DCDC module. At the cost of a small power dissipations over diodes, the total current thresholds of UAV become higher. Experiment results shows that with the use of proposed method large number of paralleling switching regulators become possible and heavy payload flights become reliable.
Keywords - Tethered Hexarotors, Heavy Payload UAV, Paralleling Switching Regulators, Power Conversion Evaluations, Low Voltage Bus Bar.

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Wasantha Samarathunga, Guangwei Wang and Shiqin Wang, "Evaluation of Power Conversion on Heavy Payload Tethered Hexarotors: A Strategic Approach"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Industrial safety is of utmost important in the present industrial scenario in order to protect employees, plant and environment. The present study is carried out in a machine tool manufacturing company. The initial study revealed several problems with respect to industrial safety and productivity. Keeping these problems in view, the aim of the present study was to analyse the existing layout and designing the new layout to improve the productivity by ensuring safety in the shop floor according to the standards.The existing problems were analysed systematically and solved by adopting andimplementing DuPont Safety Model. The implementation resulted in increasing the safety and productivity in the organization.
Keywords - Layout, Productivity, safety, DuPont Safety Model.

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Dr. B P Mahesh, Vanishree Beloor, K. Arpitha, N Naveen, "Reduction of Un-safe Work Practices by Enhancing Shop floor Safety– A case study"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

A biometric system is essentially a pattern recognition system being used in adversarial environment. Since, biometric system like any conventional security system is exposed to malicious adversaries, who can manipulate data to make the system ineffective by compromising its integrity. Current theory and design methods of biometric systems do not take into account the vulnerability to such adversary attacks. Therefore, evaluation of classical design methods is an open problem to investigate whether they lead to design secure systems. In order to make biometric systems secure it is necessary to understand and evaluate the threats and to thus develop effective countermeasures and robust system designs, both technical and procedural, if necessary. Accordingly, the extension of theory and design methods of biometric systems is mandatory to safeguard the security and reliability of biometric systems in adversarial environments.
Keywords - Face, Fingerprint, Unimodal Biometrics & Multimodal Biometrics

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Suvarnsing G. Bhable, "A Survey of Security of Multimodal Biometric Systems"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Marble has been widely used in structures since ancient times. Most of the monuments and ancient sculptures were made with the help of marbles. Nowadays, marbles are used for the decoration purpose, which increases its demand in the market. With the increase in production of marbles it increases the waste that obtained from it. As marble powder is the waste product, obtained during the process of sawing and shaping of marble by parent marble rock, contains heavy metals which makes the water unfit for use. Marble powder creates environmental problems. Due to environmental problems, it has a great impact on human health as well as on nature. To control its effects we have to use this waste in the production of concrete.The present study is aimed at utilizing waste marble dust (WMD) in construction industry itself as fine aggregate in concrete, replacing natural sand. The replacement is done partially and fully in the various proportions like 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% and its effect on properties of concrete were investigated. The study indicated that waste marble dust can effectively be used as fine aggregate replacement (up to50%) without substantial change in strength.
Keywords - Compressive Strength, Concrete, Fine Aggregate, Marble dust and Workability.

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Dr. M.Vijaya Sekhar Reddy, K.Ashalatha, M.Madhuri, P.Sumalatha, "Effect of Various Replacement Levels of Waste Marble Dust In Place of Fine Aggregate to Study the Fresh and Hardened Properties of Concrete"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Manufacturing firmѕ face great preѕѕure to reduce their production coѕtѕ continuouѕly. One of the main expenditure itemѕ for theѕe firmѕ iѕ maintenance coѕt which can reach 15–70% of production coѕtѕ, varying according to the type of induѕtry (Bevilacqua and Braglia, 2000). The amount of money ѕpent on maintenance in a ѕelected group of companieѕ iѕ eѕtimated to be about 600 billion dollarѕ in 1989 (Wireman, 1990, cited by Chan et al., 2005). On the other hand, maintenance playѕ an important role in keeping availability and reliability levelѕ, product quality, and ѕafety requirementѕ. Unfortunately, unlike production and manufacturing problemѕ which have received tremendouѕ intereѕt from reѕearcherѕ and practitionerѕ, maintenance received little attention in the paѕt. Thiѕ iѕ one of the reaѕonѕ that reѕultѕ in low maintenance efficiency in induѕtry at preѕent. Aѕ indicated by Mobley (2002), one third of all maintenance coѕtѕ iѕ waѕted aѕ the reѕult of unneceѕѕary or improper maintenance activitieѕ. Today, reѕearch in thiѕ area iѕ on the riѕe. Moreover, the role of maintenance iѕ changing from a "neceѕѕary evil" to a "profit contributor" and towardѕ a "partner" of companieѕ to achieve world-claѕѕ competitiveneѕѕ (Waeyenbergh and Pintelon, 2002). Therefore, reѕearch on maintenance repreѕentѕ an opportunity for making ѕignificant contribution by academicѕ.

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Eng. Abdel rehim Mohamed El baz & Eng. Ahmed Ibraheam Abd alaziz, "Studying the Factors Affecting Mainteneance Strategies & Computerised Maintenance"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

New product design and development indeed needs long termvision for better product life and hence to have better product features the design team has to take into consideration various techno-commercial aspects todesign and develop most adequate new product. Normally in case of new product design all related activities are initiated by the team of technicians under the directive jointly given by top and marketing management of the concerned organization. Due to global competition in the market the product requirements are needed to be carefully identified so as to make the product more user friendly to the customers. Considering this it is quite obvious that top priority is for product performance considerations at the same time they have to establish the product cost to make it more competent in the market. Due to these constraints recently the design and development function has no more remained the responsibility technocrats but it has become techno-commercial activity. One should treat this as design and development joint activity to be performed by the dedicated team of techno-commercial people who are well equipped with sound technical knowledge so as to design the best possible product. Due to this reason the primary design activity is seen to be interfacing with various departments such as Marketing, Materials, Tool room ,Manufacturing, Vendor development and many other related departments and valuable in puts from them are badly needed at the initial phase of product design and development. This helps in identifying the product needs at various manufacturing stages well in advance. This ultimately helps the design department to deliver the most adequate product with no operational problems and product is ready to satisfy customer's needs which ultimately leads to growth of organization through smooth product life cycle management.
Keywords - Product requirements, Functional considerations, PLCM.

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Vidyadhar Malhar Dandge, Heramb Vidyadhar Dandge, Sohail Khalid Momin, Sidhesh Parab, "A-Well defined raw material specifications of product and its components, a key of successful new product design. A critical evaluation by case study"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In this paper we present a backtracking algorithm that improves the energy production of a single-axis solar tracker by reducing the shadow caused by neighboring panels. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can operate in any field slope avoiding the necessity of correcting the field slope where the solar tracker is placed. This is an important feature once it will reduced the time and the manpower during the solar tracker setup. The results have shown that the algorithm presents a similar performance comparing to similar algorithms that were designed only for horizontal fields.
Keywords - PV Panels; Solar Trackers; Backtracking Algorithms; Solar Position; Renewable Energy.

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Bruno Nascimento, Daniel Albuquerque, Miguel Lima, Pedro Sousa, "Backtracking Algorithm for Single-Axis Solar Trackers installed in a sloping field"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The paper suggests the possibility of utilizing the principle of the Curie temperature for identification of increased temperatures resulting from a developing fire. The proposed temperature sensor can complement the existing fire protection system and increase its effectiveness.
Keywords - Curie temperature, neodymium, temperature sensor

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Ing. Michal Gorzás, "Use of neodymium in passive temperature sensors"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com