Peer Reviewed Journal

Abstract:

Recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is produced by properly crushing and sieving the demolished waste to obtain required size of aggregates that will substitute the need for virgin aggregates (VA). The economic and environmental benefits of using (RCA) from construction and demolition (C and D) activities have become clear in the recent years. The use of RCA in highway construction, especially in HMA, shall also contribute in the reduction of the consumption of VA as natural resources and the elimination of the stockpiles of concrete wastes.A series of experiments using recycled aggregate of various compositions from building rubble was conducted. This study evaluated the effects of replacing virgin aggregates (VA) by recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) on local HMA binder (3B). Blending of RCA with VA can lead to combined aggregates which pass the Egyptian standard specifications gradation. Increasing of RCA percentage in HMA leads to an increase in the (OAC), due to the high absorption of RCA and Stability of the HMA binder (3B) decreased but still within the Egyptian standard specifications by replacement of percentage of VA up to 80% by weight with coarse RCA in HMA binder (3B). The use of RCA significantly reduced the loss of stability, and reduced resistance to rutting for HMA binder (3B). Replacement up to 2% of powder by hydrated lime in HMA, leads to an increase in the Marshall Stability value increased.
Key word:

Copy and Paste

Abdelzaher E. A. Mostafa, Mohamed. S. Ouf, Abdel latif Jamal, "Developing an Environmentally Sustainable Hot Mix Asphalt Using Recycled Concrete Aggregates"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Summary:

A statistics model was developed in order to be able to determine the effects of a simulated power cut of an Automatic Milking System on the milk output.Measurable and relevant factors, such as power cuts, milk yield, lactation days, average two days digestion and rumination and time were considered in the calculation tool.
keywords:Automatic milking system, milk yield, ruminant activities, statistics model

Copy and Paste

Anja Gräff, Sascha Wörz, Johannes Dietrich, Manfred Höld, Jörn Stumpenhausen, Heinz Bernhardt, "Effects of A Simulated Power Cut in AMS on Milk Yield Valued by Statistics Model"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The ballast bed as part of the railway track fulfils the important functions as the binding element between sleepers and substructure. Fouling increases over the years for various reasons. When the necessary good functioning is no longer assured, ballast bed cleaning must be performed. The machines, that perform that task, are equipped with various complex mechanics - hydraulic systems that ensure high productivity, efficiency and quality of the works. In this article is presented one way of studying the work of the machine for excavating ballast from the ballast bed to the sieving machine. We suggest a dynamic model for simulating the work of a scraper chain of a ballast cleaning machine with different working parameters.
Keywords: ballast cleaning machine, dynamic model, excavating chain

Copy and Paste

Boris Petkov, "Dynamical modelling of the excavating chain of a ballast cleaning machine"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In this paper, we introduce a new concept of Steiner domination polynomial of a path Pn. The Steiner domination polynomial of Pn is the polynomial Sγ(Pn, x)
KeywordsSteiner dominating set, Steiner domination number, Steiner domination polynomial.

Copy and Paste

A. Vijayan, G.D. Suresh, "On Steiner Dominating Sets and Steiner Domination Polynomials of Paths"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The DC-DC converter is operated with pulse width modulation (PWM) and controlled by modifying duty cycle. The PWM is easy developed on microcontroller system, but the problem become complex when some control algorithm implemented to determine duty cycle value. Multitasking is needed to handle sensor, control algorithm and user interface system. This paper discusses the application of Real Time Operating System (RTOS) to handle multitasking process on STM32F407 ARM Cortex M4 microcontroller to control parallel boost converter with load sharing algorithm for photovoltaic (PV) battery charging application. The first OS task is to run MPPT to get maximum energy from PV. This first OS task is implemented to control the first boost converter. Then, The second OS task to run fuzzy logic controller to control battery charging current with load sharing energy. This second OS task is task implemented to control second boost converter. The measurement of current and voltage of both converter side, display and user interface system also handled with OS task. As the result, each designed task could run well with recommended OS task priority for MPPT and Fuzzy is IRQ task and for TFT_LCD_displayos Priority Above Normal.
Key word: Battery charging, Load Sharing Photovoltaic, RTOS, STM32F407.

Copy and Paste

EkaPrasetyono, Putra S Permana, "Implementation of RTOS on STM32F4 Microcontroller to Control Parallel Boost for Photovoltaic Battery Charging Application"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Glass ,Polyethyleneterephthalate(PET), Polypropylene (PP) and High density Polyethylene(HDPE) bottles were filled with ghee, prepared by differently treated cream, under light with little headspace to determine the effects of light ,method of preparation, packaging materials and storage time on the stability of ghee. The moisture content, acid value, peroxide value, refractive index and TBA Value were measured to determine the stability of ghee every 30 days of storage period.. Glass bottles recorded lower oxidation values followed by ghee packed in PET, PP and HDPE. In few cases, PET packaged ghee also showed comparable good results. This study showed that packaging material, method of preparation and storage time has an effect on the stability of ghee.

Copy and Paste

M.P.Divya, Sanitha Vasudevan, "A study on Quality Attributes of Ghee based on packaging materials and storage period"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

High-quality data transmission is the primary objective of WSN for achieving quality of service. Heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HTWSN) can be used to deploy in sensitive and unmanned areas to monitor the objects. HTWSN is high configured network used to capture high-quality images and videos of targeted objects. During the data transmission in HTWSN, we identified that, the formation of interference with in the network due to link capacity overhead. Due to that, the quality data transmission is not possible through the network. In this research paper, we described the deployment of HTWSN network and identifying the primary sources for interference and introducing the proposed Interference Minimization Protocol (IMP). The IM protocol has achieved better quality of service by minimizing the interference in HTWSN.
Key word: Wireless Sensor Networks, Interference Minimization Protocol, Heterogeneous WSN.

Copy and Paste

Kakelli Anil Kumar, Dr. Addepalli VN Krishna, Dr. K. Shahu Chatrapati, "Interference Minimization Protocol in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network for High Quality Data Transmission"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

No matter how societies have differed throughout history in their values, cultures, politics and systems of life, there has always been a common consensus regarding the importance of mathematics and its role in the social life. Arab-Islamic civilisation -like many others- had a reasonable command of many aspects of mathematics. This was apparent in various applications including not just in everyday life, civil and business transactions, and financial dealings, but also in certain religious rituals. This paper aims to highlight the important position that the scholars in the Muslim East and West attributed to mathematics, both in terms of teaching and practice. Furthermore, this work investigates the methodology of teaching fractions in the Arab-Islamic society. The latter is found to be one of the mathematical subjects that has been recommended to be taught to learners at their earliest learning stages, especially given the importance of fractions in everyday transactions such as calculating shares of a legacy. The paper also examines some of the educational requirements such as the teacher duties, student‟s qualities, education stages and what the relevant curriculum recommended by scholars during each stage. Finally, this work briefly highlights one of the contemporary issues which is the difficulty of teaching fractions for young learners and how this was addressed in the past by one of the early Muslim Arab mathematicians through the use of simple poetry.
Keywords: Arabic, Didactics, Education, Mathematics, Teaching.

Copy and Paste

Mr. Moktadir ZERROUKI, Prof. Abdelkader KHELLADI, "How was Mathematics taught in the Arab-Islamic Civilization? – Part 1: The Pedagogical Principles of Teaching & Learning"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The polyaniline were prepared by using different inorganic and organic acids via oxidative polymerization method. The prepared samples were characterized by FTIR, the peaks are found to be at 507 cm˗1, 592 cm˗1, 798 cm˗1, 1138 cm˗1, 1244 cm˗1, 1302 cm˗1, 1471 cm˗1 and 1556 cm˗1. These predominant peaks may be confirming the formation of polyaniline. The structural analysis was studied by employing XRD; found that polyaniline is amorphous in nature. The SEM studies reveal that they are agglomerated, irregular and size of these grain increases with increasing amount of polyaniline with different organic and inorganic acids. The dc conductivity (dc) as a function of temperature (T) for polyaniline is studied in the temperature range from 30 to 1600C. At higher temperature it is found that conductivity increases because of hopping of polarons from one localized states to another localized states. The ac conductivity of polyaniline was prepared by oxalic acid show high conductivity at 106 Hz. This is due to the space charge polarization and electrode polarizations.
Key word: Polyaniline, Inorganic acid, Organic acid, FTIR, SEM, Transport property

Copy and Paste

Priyanka D, K.S.Venkatesh, "Synthesis, Characterization and Electrical Properties of Polyaniline Doped with Different Acids"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

" Omnipresent ECG -oversee android watch" is designed to implement the increasing awareness of alteration in the rhythm of heart beat and coronary heart diseases due to stress and other risk factors. Death caused by heart diseases are high it can be reduced when a person's heart beat rate is monitored continuously for this purpose "Omnipresent ECG -oversee android watch" is used. It can be used by higher officials/patients to keep track of their heart beat rate by self-opinion or for remote diagnosis of chronic heart disease patients before sudden flicker. This watch works by ceaseless monitoring over a person's heart beat rate if any deflection is found it generates an alert. It is mainly used by people who are living alone or by those who suffer from any heart disease. It scales the ECG using three lead electrocardiography and impart three signals to smart watch for processing and for generating alert
Keywords - ECG, EKG, Electrocardiography, Smart watch.

Copy and Paste

K Navaneetha Krishnan, S Lavanya, R Vinothini, Evelin F Justus, "Omnipresent ECG-Oversee Android Watch"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

E-commerce recommender systems are vulnerable to different types of shilling attack where the attacker influences the recommendation procedure in favor of him by inserting fake user-profiles into the system. From one point of view, the attacks can be of type push or nuke-either to promote or to demote a product. On the other hand, attacks can be classified as high-knowledge or low-knowledge attack depending on the amount of system knowledge required for making the attack successful. Several research works have been done in the last two decades for defending attacks on recommender systems. In this paper, we have surveyed the major works done in this area by different researchers. After a brief explanation of different attack types and attack models, we discussed the attack detection strategies proposed by the researchers mainly under five categories- Generic and model specific attribute based, rating distribution based, outlier analysis based, statistical approach based and clustering based.
Index terms:profile-injection attack, rating distribution, popular item, prediction shift, user profile, attack model.

Copy and Paste

Partha Sarathi Chakraborty, Dr. Sunil Karforma, "Strategies of detecting Profile-injection attacks in E-Commerce Recommender System: A survey"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

A new Direct Torque Control (DTC) strategy for Induction Motor (IM) drive fed by a two leg three phase inverter (i.e., Four switches are used in VSI) was proposed in this paper. The proposed methodology is based on the emulation of operation of the conventional Six-switch three phase inverter. The combination of four unbalanced voltage vectors is generated by the two-leg three phase inverter, approaching to the synthesis of the six balanced voltage vectors of the conventional DTC. This approach has been implemented in the design of the vector selection table of the proposed DTC strategy. Further, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) is proposed in the speed controller for the improvement of torque ripples. Convention DTC with Six Switch three phase VSI, twoleg three phase VSI with PI and Fuzzy Controller are implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK. Simulation results have shown that the proposed DTC strategy, two-leg inverter fed IM drive revealed an improved performance.
Index terms:Direct torque control (DTC), Two-leg inverter and Six Switch based three phase Inverter,

Copy and Paste

V.M Surekha, J.N.Chandra Sekhar, "Flc-Based Dtc Scheme for a New Approach of Two-Leg Vsi Fed Induction Motor"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Its quit interesting to starts with some philosophical manner rather than the aim of paper, that is, human kind likes more and more simplified life in their daily activities. The people like, simplification in cooking, travel, education, fashion design, dressing, information availability about certain things, communication from one place to another and so on. That means, the people like intelligent automated life. In contrast artificial things can interact with the human kind and solves their desires. For example, someone may have lost something, somewhere, but they forget where they lost. The difficulty here is, how find the thing, someone may give the solutions RFID technology but it works in certain range. So from the discussions, we need, the autonomous mechanism, that can trace out the locality or information regarding to what we lost? In simple manner, we need a common platform to integrate entire world of thing. For a little while, the common platform is internet and hence we labeled Internet of Things(IoT). That's what, the paper is going to deal. So the principal objective is to monitoring the thing of parameters from anywhere in the world. The paper is not aimed to integrate entire world of things right now but dedicated to two fields, medical & small, medium enterprises. In medical field, monitor the patient through camera interface and patient's moments using WSN interface. And in case of SM Enterprises monitors, temperature, water level, machine motion detection using WSN and visual through Camera Interface. The paper is built with high speed and low cost Raspberry-Pi Controller
Index Terms: Internet of things ( IoT ), Wireless Sensor Networks( WSN), SM Enterprises,

Copy and Paste

Rallabandi Bala Bhaskar, D.Raamanna, Ashok Kumar Balijepalli, K. Sreenivasa Ravi, "An Efficient and Optimal Systems For Medical & Industries With Concept of IOT"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In this paper, different classification algorithms for data mining are discussed. Data Mining is about explaining the past & predicting the future by means of data analysis. Classification is a task of data mining, which categories data based on numerical or categorical variables. To classify the data many algorithms are proposed, out of them five algorithms are comparatively studied for data mining through classification. There are four different classification approaches namely Frequency Table, Covariance Matrix, Similarity Functions & Others. As work for research on classification methods, algorithms like Naive Bayesian, K Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, Artificial Neural Network & Support Vector Machine are studied & examined using benchmark datasets like Iris & Lung Cancer.
Keywords:Artificial Neural Network, Classification, Data Mining, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbors, Naive &Support Vector Machine.

Copy and Paste

Shraddha Deshmukh, Swati Shinde, "Hypothesis on Different Data Mining Algorithms"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Thermodynamic characteristics in the system Fe₂O₃ – MnO – V₂O₅ –SiO₂ have been investigated. Two mixtures have been prepared. The first mixture was synthetic, prepared from pure oxides in proportion according to the chemical composition of the waste catalyst and manganese concentrate. The second one contained the waste vanadium catalyst and manganese concentrate. The synthetic mixture has been used as a standard in order to establish the influence of impurities in the concentrate, and the waste catalyst on the thermodynamics of the studied system.
Experiments carried out in the temperature up to 1473 K for the system containing waste vanadium catalyst and manganese concentrate occur to formation of new phases formation as FeV₂O₄ and Iron Vanadium Oxide type and Jacobsite types MnFe2O4 and (Mn₆Fe₄)(Mn₄Fe_1.6)O_{4. EMF method with diffe}rence reference electrode (Ni/NiO, Mo/MoO₂ and air) relationship of delta GoT = f(T) in the temperature range 1073 – 1173 К of mixtures was obtained. The experimental data for the system show that the reference electrodes air and Ni/NiO are more suitable than Mo/MoO₂. The obtained results will be used as an investigations base to the production of complex iron vanadium manganese alloy using the waste materials.
Keywords:thermodynamics, DTA, EMF method, vanadium catalyst, manganese concentrate.

Copy and Paste

R. Paunova, D. Grigorova, R. Alexandrova, "Phase Transformations and Thermodynamics in the System Fe₂О₃– V₂О₅ – MnО – SiО₂ of Non-Isothermal Heating"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The tremendous success of the low-power designs of VLSI circuits over the past 50 years has significant change in our life style. Integrated circuits are everywhere from computers to automobiles, from cell phones to home appliances. Domino logic is a CMOS based evolution of the dynamic logic techniques based on either PMOS or NMOS transistors. Dynamic logic circuits are used for their high performance, but their high noise and extensive leakage has caused some problems for these circuits. Dynamic CMOS circuits are inherently less resistant to noise than static CMOS circuits. In this paper we proposed different domino logic styles which increases performance compared to existing domino logic styles. According to the simulations in cadence virtuoso 65nm CMOS process, the proposed circuit shows the improvement of up thirty percent compared existing domino logics.
Keywords:Domino Logic, Dynamic Node, Evaluation Network, Low power Consumption.

Copy and Paste

Ankit Kori, Mohammed Arif, "Ultra Low Power Design and High Speed Design of Domino Logic Circuit"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Digital predistortion (DPD) is a baseband signal processing technique that corrects for impairments in RF power amplifiers (PAs). These impairments cause out-of-band emissions or spectral regrowth and in-band distortion, which correlate with an increased bit error rate (BER). Wideband signals with a high peak-to-average ratio, are more susceptible to these unwanted effects. So to reduce these impairments, this paper proposes the modeling of the digital predistortion for the power amplifier using GSA algorithm.
Keywords:Adjacent channel power ratio, Digital Predistortion, linearization, Memory polynomial, Power

Copy and Paste

Rajbir Kaur, Manjeet Singh Patterh, "Memory Polynomial Based Adaptive Digital Predistorter"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

These days, SMEs pay a lot of attention to concept of Supply Chain Management (SCM) in order to achieve competitiveness. The logic behind such act is integrating the activities of value creation within any kind of organizational context. Such integrity would collaborate with managers to accomplish the competitive edge that they are aiming to achieve. The goal of current research is to identify scopes of a unique construct which is known as Entrepreneurial Supply Chain Management competency. Therefore, the notions of SCM and entrepreneurship are being aligned together for evaluating the organizational performance. The outcomes demonstrate that SCM in fact is a critical issue that can alter the organizational performance, thus, through consideration of SCM, we should focus on supply chain integration and its impacts on intrapreneurship and innovation of an organization. In order to be successful in such competitive context, SMEs need to provide novel competences which are not imitable and to increase their application in supply chain and also to improve their total performance.
Keywords:Supply Chain Integration, Intrapreneurship, Supply Chain Management (SCM), Performance.

Copy and Paste

FatemehAshrafganjouei, Prof.Dr. Abu Bakar Bin Abdul Hamid, "The Influence of Supply Chain Integration on the Intrapreneurship in Supply Chain Management (SCM)"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The diesel particulate filter (DPF) is a device designed to remove diesel particulate matter or soot from the exhaust gas of a diesel engine. A series of tests have been performed on a downscaled DPF prototype. This prototype had high filtration efficiency. Then the next step is to study the soot and ash handling capacity of DPF system and perform tests on a full-scale prototype. In order to move forward to the next step the functionality of the filter should be investigated. Moreover, a complete model of flow inside the filter can help parameter investigation on both downscale and full-scale prototype. Building up a CFD model using fluent which is capable to simulate the flow through all channels and porous media of the filter plates and tuning the pressure drop parameters for all steps of filtration from clean filter to dirty one are the main achievements of this project. CFD results have been tuned by using experimental data of filtration tests.
Keywords:CFD, DPF, Filter plates, Solid works.

Copy and Paste

Mr. Y. Rajasekhar Reddy, Mr. K. Srinivasa Chalapathi, Mr. S.Jush kumar, "Design Optimization of Diesel Particulate Filter Using CFD"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Graphical System Design applications are the fastest spreading one in the field of industrial environment. Over the decades monitoring of physical parameters in the industrial environment is made easy with various sensors. Several softwares are used to monitor those physical parameters. The objective of the work is to monitor the environmental temperature. The sensors that are used to measure the physical parameters tend to give electrical output either in form of Voltage or Current. In this paper current output is preferred for temperature conversions rather than the voltage output as they tend to drop over the transmission line. The current output of Temperature/Humidity sensor (THD Series) is converted into temperature in degree Celsius. The Real-Time environmental parameters are acquired from Autonics Temperature/Humidity sensor using NI Compact DAQ 9174(cDAQ). A Graphical approach is developed in LabVIEW platform to monitor the environmental temperature with the help of a PC.
Keywords:Temperature, Data Acquisition, LabVIEW. cDAQ9174.

Copy and Paste

Ram Murugesh R., Ashok Kumar L, Wesley Maria Jones P. , Kumaravel R, "Real-Time Monitoring of Industrial Environmental Temperature using LabVIEW"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

High pressure ⁵⁷F MÖssbaur spectroscopy measurement ( up to 42 Gpa ) at room temperature have been carried out for investigation the magnetic properties of Ɣ(f.c.c) Fe78Ni22 alloys using diamond anvil cell (DAC) technique. The mÖssbaur spectrum at 0 Gpa shows a six line magnetic pattern with broad outer peaks and an average hyperfine field of ~32T characteristic of a disordered alloys. In the pressure rang (278Ni₂₂ alloy at ~7-12 Gpa. Above 20 Gpa the hyperfine field break down and the alloy becomes non-magnetic showing only a single line MÖsbauer spectrum.
Keywords:mÖssbaur spectrum, Fe₇₈Ni₂₂, ⁵⁷Fe mÖssbaur spectroscopy, ferromagnet

Copy and Paste

N. A. Khalefa, "Study the Magnetic Properties of Invar Alloys by Using High Pressure Mössbaur Spectroscopy"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Saturation magnetization X-ray and neutron diffraction measurements have been made on alloys at the compositions Nd2MoCd', Nd2MoZn', Nd₂MoCu, Nd₂MoTi, Nd₂MoAg, Nd₂MoZr and NdMoZr. The alloys containing Cu and Ag have fully ordered Heusler, L21, Chemical structure. Nd2MoCd is similarly ordered but with some partial Mo-Cd disorder. The alloys Nd2MoZn and Nd2MoTi each contain a secondary phase in addition to the primary Heusler phase Nd2MoZr contains the two phases Nd122MoZr and Nd and NdMoZr is ordered in the Clb structure. The alloys containing the group IIIB or IVB elements Cb, Zn, Cu, Ti or Ag are ferromagnetically ordered, with the magnetic moment associated with the ordered Nd sites. The two alloys containing the group VB elements Zr have vacant chemically ordered 'Nd' sites but are paramagnetic.
Keywords:Neutron, Nd2MoCd, Heusler, IVB elements and VB elements.

Copy and Paste

N. A. Khalefa, "Magnetic and Chemical Order in Heusler Alloys Containing Neodymium and Moiybdenum"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This article reports a development of a strategic scanning system network prototype system based on multi agent system and ontology, called Agent-SSSN, for developing business intelligent strategies. This is a cooperative approach to integrate the knowledge of experts in business intelligent system. The approach presented in this chapter is targeted towards using ontologies. The use of ontologies in MAS environment enables agent to share a common set of concept about context, expert user profiles and other domain elements while interacting with each other. In this paper, we focus especially on the modeling of the system Multi-Agents using O-MaSE (Organization-based Multiagent Systems Engineering Methodology) and a conceptual diagram of the ontology database.
Keywords:business intelligent, multi-agent intelligent system, ontology, O-MaSE, strategic scanning system

Copy and Paste

Yman CHEMLAL, Hicham MEDROMI, "Agent-SSSN: a strategic scanning system network based on multiagent intelligent system and ontology"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

One of the major environmental problems faced by the world is management of wastes. Industrial processes create a wide range of wastewater pollutants; which are not only difficult but costly to treat. Characteristics of wastewater and level of pollutants vary significantly from industry to industry. To control this problem today emphasis is laid on waste minimization and revenue generation through by-product and energy recovery. Pollution prevention focuses on preventing the harmful effect of generated wastewater on the environment, while waste minimization refers to reducing the volume or toxicity of hazardous wastes by water recycling and reuse, process modifications and by by-product recovery. Production of ethyl alcohol in distilleries based on cane sugar molasses constitutes a major industry in Asia and South America. The world's total production of alcohol from cane molasses is more than13 million m3/annum. The aqueous distillery effluent stream known as spent wash is a dark brown highly organic effluent and is approximately 12-15 times by volume of the product alcohol. This highly aqueous, organic soluble containing residue is considered a troublesome and potentially polluting waste due to its extremely high BOD and COD values. Because of the high concentration of organic load, distillery spent wash is a potential source of renewable energy. The paper reviews the possibility of anaerobic treatment of the distillery wastewater.
Keywords:Anaerobic processes, ASBR, Distillery Spent wash, Ethanol production, UASB

Copy and Paste

Vandana Patyal, "Treatment of Distillery Wastewater by Anaerobic Methods"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This work deals with the design and implementation of an AC to DC LED driving circuit consisting of a buck boost converter and a flyback converter. A buck boost converter is integrated with a fly back converter by sharing a single power switch. A recycling path is also provided to recycle the leakage energy stored in transformer. An EMI filter and a diode bridge rectifier is also included in this converter topology, EMI filter is used to eliminate high frequency current harmonics at the input line. Diode bridge rectifier is used to convert AC source voltage to DC voltage. The control of this single switch is done by using DSPIC 30F2010.This converter has simple structure, low cost, and ease of control as well. In this way, the developed converter can provide high PF and low total harmonic distortion. The detailed circuit operations and analysis are provided. The theoretical studies and analysis are tested by a prototype of 16-W LED driver with a switching frequency of 60 kHz and also a closed loop simulation is done in MATLAB simulink. The developed converter has maximum power factor of 0.96 and total harmonic distortion of 10.54%
Keywords:Total harmonic distortion (THD), power factor correction (PFC), Leakage energy recycling.

Copy and Paste

Lima N.T, Renuka V.S, "Closed loop simulation and hardware implementation of a LED driving circuit from AC source with leakage energy recycling"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Energy consumption of a cold storage was measured for different storage temperatures. Suction temperature and pressure temperature of the compressor and working time of the compressor were determined to reach evaporator setup temperatures. An axial fan located back of the evaporator was used to distribute the cooled air into the cold store. An electrical heater was used to defrost. The compressor suction temperature of ammonia vapour variedbetween273K–271Kand 305K–308K respectively. Compressor suction pressure(p1)=3.5 Kg/cm² and discharge pressure (p2)=10.5Kg/cm².
Keywords:Cold storage, major components of a cold storage, energy consumption, energy wastage, programming.

Copy and Paste

Dr. N. Mukhopadhyay, Debasish Mazumdar, Subir Biswas, "Energy Wastage Estimation of a Cold Storage"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Multilevel inverter equipment has developed recently as a very important alternative in the area of high power medium voltage energy control.in multilevel inverter is the most important topologies like diode clamped inverter (neutral point clamped),capacitor clamped(flying capacitor) and cascaded multi cell with separate dc sources. Multilevel inverters are used in high voltage and high power applications with less harmonic contents. This paper proposes a software implementation for neutral point clamped (NPC) three level voltage source inverter using space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) techniques. The inverter feeds an electrical system which is controlled by field oriented control (FOC).The improvement of the control technique is achieved using intelligence techniques. The operation of the electrical system is verified in steady state and transient state responses. This software implementation is performed by using matlab/Simulink software. This paper gives comparison between SVPWM three phase three level with neutral point clamped and without neutral point clamped. Finally, the comparative study of different techniques was implemented.
Keywords:Vector control, Neutral point clamped three level inverter, Space vector pulse width modulation, Induction motor, PI controller, Fuzzy logic controller and Hybrid controller.

Copy and Paste

K.Mohan Krishna, J.N.Chandra Sekhar, Dr.G.V.Marutheswa, "Modelling and Simulation of Three Level VSI-Neutral Point Balancing -Fed AC Drive using Intelligence Techniques"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Adequate quality and reliability of drinking water supply is a fundamental need. Without potable water or drinking water (less than about 500 ppm of salt) human life is not possible. Only 1% of Earth's water is in a fresh, liquid state, and nearly all of this is polluted by both diseases and toxic chemicals. For this reason, purification of water supplies is extremely important. Keeping these things in mind, we have devised a model which will convert the saline ground water into pure and potable water using the renewable source of energy (i.e. solar energy). Solar energy is an abundant, never lasting, and available on site and pollution free energy.Solar Energy is freely available and can be used as a very cheap option to convert saline ground Water through Solar Distillation, by using Solar Stills. The conventional single basin and single slop Passive Solar Still can be used to purify water but the main problem is that the per square meter distillate output is less. So it is need to modify the design of solar still for high output of solar distillate Solar still is easy to construct, can be done by local people from locally available materials, simple in operation by unskilled Personnel, no hard maintenance requirements and almost no operation cost. Simplest basin type models of solar still in earlier days, researchers have progressed a lot to increase its efficiency. Suitable modification of solar still can produce high output using minimum areas of land and even in cloudy days. Experimental study is done at Rewa M.P. on two different basin water depth solar stills. Low water depth solar water still is produced more distillate than high water depth still by the experiment.
Keywords:Solar still, saline Water, Evaporation, Basin Water and Solar Distillation.

Copy and Paste

AbhayAgrawal, R. S. Rana, P.K. Shrivastava, "Ground water distillation by basin type solar still for different basin water depth under the climatic condition of Rewa"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Since aluminium alloy is a well-known light alloys to use in aerospace and automotive industries. Therefore, a new method, so far little known in metal forming industries, is the friction stir processing of surface layers. Friction stir processing (FSP) is an emerging surface engineering solid-state technology which provides the ability to thermomechnically process selective locations on the materials surface and to enhance specific properties to some considerable depth. However, from a practical point of view it is important to determine the impact of FSP conditions, therefore, a tool rotation speed, travel rate, pressure force as well as the shape and type of tool on the moment acting to heat generated in the stirring area. The heat generated in the area being processed and the level of plastic strain are factors having a decisive effect on microsturctural changes, and, consequently, on the mechanical and functional properties of newly formed areas. In this phenomena that the main FSP features have been investigated through OM (optical microscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy), TEM (transmission electron microscopy) and mechanical properties. Moreover, aluminium alloy being an age-hardening response to evaluated through Vicker's hardness measurement a typical characterisation at present task. The research of the FSP of surface layers, so far has been focused mainly on the metallurgical analysis of microsturctural changes in modified aluminium alloys.
Keywords:light alloy,FSP features, solid-state technology, mechanical properties, TEM.

Copy and Paste

P. K. Mandal, "A New Surface Modification Technique and Their Characterisation: Friction Stir Processing of Al-Zn-Mg Alloy"Vol. 5 - Issue 12 (December - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com