Peer Reviewed Journal

Abstract:

With the advent in the development of science and technology in the field of space and atmospheric science in order to obtain accurate result, hence the use of radio occultation technique in the investigation of the amount of electron density and Total Electron Content presence in equatorial region particularly over Thailand. In this research, radio occultation data obtained from UCAR/CDAAC was used to observe daily, monthly, seasonal and the entire year 2013 Ionospheric TEC and electron density variation due to changes and instability of solar activities from time to time. It was observed that TEC was high (ionosphere was more disturbed or violent) in May and spread over a wide range of altitude and summer season has the highest TEC value for the year 2013 which means at this period GNSS measurements was more prone to error. It was noted that ionospheric variations or fluctuations was maximum between 200km and 450km altitude. The results of the study show that ionospheric perturbation effects or irregularities depend on season and solar activity.
Key word: Electron Density, Equatorial Region, Ionosphere, Radio Occultation and TEC.

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Ahmed Wasiu Akande, Falin Wu,Oladosu Rufus Olakunle, Parwapath Phunthirawuthi, Echoda Ngbede Joshua Ada, Onimago Abdullahi Yakubu and Taiwo Olunuga, "Ionospheric Behaviour Analysis over Thailand Using Radio Occultation Technique"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Medical Textiles describes a textile structure that has been designed and produced for use in any of a variety of medical applications. The medical textiles include a vast range of applications, viz, adhesive tapes, bandages, beddings, blankets, castings, diapers, dressings, eye pads, gauzes, protective clothing's, sutures, surgical covers, surgical clothing's, swabs, supports, sanitary products, hospital gowns, etc. Consumers have become more aware about the repercussions of leading an unhygienic lifestyle, which has lead to the increase in the number of hygiene conscious people. This has lead to the smart take off of the medical textiles which enables the common man in prevention and treatment of diseases and maintain health and hygiene.
A range of natural fibers and biodegradable polymers is being utilized for developing new products in medical textiles. Medical textiles adding a more serious dimension to the textile domain, they are required to undergo stringent testing and hygienic criteria. This has led to innovative use of a variety of natural unconventional fibers and a lot of developments are taking place in this area. One of such unconventional fibers finding good application in the medical textile is Sisal (Agave sisalana).
Agave sisalana, consisting a rosette of sword-shaped leaves has been used to extract fibers. Fibers have been extracted by decortication process. The extracted fibers have been cleaned with Sapindus Mukorossi, an herbal cleaning agent which is also hypo allergenic. The cleaned fibers have been softened using various methods, one with alkali treatment and another with citric acid. The various stages of fibers namely raw, cleaned, alkali treated and citric acid treated fibers have been tested for their absorbency and anti-microbial activity. Agave sisalana fiber has been found to have better antimicrobial properties which make it suitable for medical textile application.
Key word: Sisal, Antimicrobial, Sapindus

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T. Rasigha, S. Kirthika, M. V. Dheepika, K. Giridharan, N. Jeyaprakash, "Disposable Natural Scrubber from Sisal and Bamboo Fibers"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper presents unified power quality conditioner (UPQC)for power quality improvements in terms of harmonics compensation and power factor correction in a three-phase four-wire distribution system.The UPQC is implemented with PWM controlled voltage source converter (VSC) and switching patterns are generated through Indirect PI and Synchronous Reference Frame controller. The selected topology for voltage source converter is the three-leg and six-leg VSC for Indirect PI and Synchronous reference frame (SRF) control strategies respectively. The behavior of UPQC has been analyzed by considering a case study with switching of three phase half bridge diode rectifier and a parallel star connected unbalanced R-L loads. Harmonic spectrum of the source current and load voltage are compared in between without UPQC and with UPQC by considering both control strategies. The complete system has been modeled using MATLAB software with its stimulus's sim power system toolboxes.
Keywords: Unified power quality conditioner (UPQC); Synchronous reference frame (SRF) controller; Indirect PI controller; Voltage source converter (VSC); Power quality (PQ).

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Raju Manuel, Ajmal K, Dr. J.Abdul Jaleel, "Harmonic analysis and Power factor improvement with UPQC under two Novel control strategies"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Great lifetime and reliability is the key aim of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) design. As for prolonging lifetime of this type of network, energy is the most important resource; all recent researches are focused on more and more energy efficient techniques. Proposed work is Weighted Clustering Approach based on Weighted Cluster Head Selection, which is highly energy efficient and reliable in mobile network scenario. Weight calculation using different attributes of the nodes like SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), Remaining Energy, Node Degree, Mobility, and Buffer Length gives efficient Cluster Head (CH) on regular interval of time. CH rotation helps in optimum utilization of energy available with all nodes; results in prolonged network lifetime. Implementation is done using the NS2 network simulator and performance evaluation is carried out in terms of PDR (Packet Delivery Ratio), End to End Delay, Throughput, and Energy Consumption. Demonstration of the obtained results shows that proposed work is adaptable for improving the performance. In order to justify the solution, the performance of proposed technique is compared with the performance of traditional approach. The performance of proposed technique is found optimum as compared to the traditional techniques.
Keywords-Wireless Sensor Network, Energy preserving, Weighted clustering, Network lifetime, Cluster head selection.

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Vivek kumar, Ramratan Ahirwal, Yogendra Kumar Jain, "A Novel Weighted Clustering Based Approach for Improving the Wireless Sensor Network lifetime"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Objectives: The main objective of this research is to increase the semantic concepts prominently as well as reduce the searching time complexity. This is also aimed to ensure the higher privacy with security and develop the accurate privacy policy generation.
Methods: The existing method named as adaptive privacy policy prediction (A3P) is used to discover the best available privacy policy for the user's image being uploaded. The proposed method name as improved semantic annotated markovian semantic Indexing (ISMSI) is used for retrieving the images semantically.
Findings: The proposed method achieves high performance in terms of greater accuracy values.
Application/Improvements: The proposed system is done by using semantic annotated markovian semantic Indexing (ISMSI) approach. ISMSI method is used for identification of similarity as well as semantic annotated images and improves the privacy significantly.
Keyword: Online information services, privacy policy, Meta data, semantic images.

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M. Roseline Mercy, P. Damodharan, "Socially Shared Images with Automated Annotation Process by Using Improved User Preferences"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Programmable logic controllers are widely used in many manufacturing process like machinery packaging material handling automatic assembly. These are special type of microprocessor based controller used for any application that needs any kind of electrical controller including lighting controller and HVAC control system. Automatic conveyor system is a computerized control method of controlling and managing the sorting mechanism at the same time maintaining the efficiency of the industry & quality of the products.HMI for automatic conveyor system is considered the primary way of controlling each operation. Text displays are available as well as graphical touch screens. It is used in touch panels and local monitoring of machines. This paper deals with the efficient use of PLC in automatic conveyor system and also building the accuracy in it.
Key word: Automatic conveyor, Human Machine Interface, High Voltage Alternating Current, Programmable Logic

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Y V Aruna, Beena S, "Automatic convey or System with In–Process Sorting Mechanism using PLC and HMI System"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper presents a Dye sensitized solar cell (DYSSC), which is called as future generation solar cell. It is a new class of green photovoltaic cell based on photosynthesis principle in nature. DYSSCs are fabricated using two different natural dyes as sensitizers, which extracted from the materials existing in nature and our life, such as flowers, leaves, fruits, traditional Chinese medicines, and beverages. The use of sensitizers having a broad absorption band in conjunction with oxide films of nanocrystalline morphology permits to harvest a large fraction of sunlight. There are good prospects to produce these cells at lower cost and much better efficiency than conventional semiconductor devices by introducing various chemical and natural dyes. DYSSC are implemented with simple and new technique to overcome the energy crisis and excess cost of semiconductor solar cells.
Key word: Dye sensitized solar cell, Dyes, Nanocrystalline oxide, semiconductor films, Solar light energy conversion.

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A. Dileep, Dr. M. Damodar Reddy, "Dye Sysentized Solar Cell (Dyssc)"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper presents solar driven automatic water level controller with dry run protection (SDWLC). The main purpose of SDWLC is to reduce wastage of water, to stop dry running of motor and to use solar energy effectively by using PV system. Generally water is pumped to overheadtank (OHT) from undergroundtank (UGT).People will switch on pump when taps go dry, switch off pump when water over flows and they does not check dry running of motor during this. Also pumping of water to OHT during power cuts is a major problem in most of villages and in some of cities. However these problems can be solved by SDWLC. By using inverter the DC generated from PV system is converted in to AC and given to the motor. The operation of water level controller works upon the fact that water conducts electricity. So water can be used to open or close a circuit. As the water level rises or falls, different circuits in the controller send different signals. These signals are used to switch ON or switch OFF the motor pump as per our requirements.
Keywords: Dry run protection, Inverter, OHT, PV system, UGT.

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V. Ravikiran, Dr. M. Damodar Reddy, "Solar Driven Automatic Water Level Controller with Dry Run Protection"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Multi-level inverters are became popular for usage in medium voltage, low voltage power applications due to flexibility in control and better performance characteristics in terms of harmonic regulation. Neutral point clamped are popular as they require less number of sources as their input when compared with their counter parts i.e. cascaded multi-level inverters and found to be reliable when compared with flying capacitor based multi-level inverters. But when neutral clamped technologies are used for generation of three-phase voltages, the capacitors that are connected at input side experiences imbalance in their voltages, this makes neutral point clamped multi-level inverters less reliable. In the proposed work an attempt is made to study circuits that balances the capacitor voltages and a scheme is investigated for balancing the capacitor voltages. Method proposed in [1] uses PID controller for balancing the capacitor voltages. In this project PI based control scheme and artificial neural network (ANN) based control scheme for the front end circuit shown in [1] are designed for achieving balance among the capacitor voltages. The proposed control scheme is simulated with the help of Simpowersystems block set and neural network toolbox of MATLAB software for different load conditions. Results obtained from ANN based controller and PI controller are presented.
Key word: DC Volatge balance, Neutral Point Calmaped Multilevel Converter, Multilevel Converetrs, ANN based Controller.

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P.J.S. Praveen, Narendra Bavisetti, V.Satyanarayana, "An ANN Based Capicitor Voltage Balancing Method For Neutral Point Clamped Multi-Level Inverter"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The astonishing developments have been occurring in the field of network communications for a long time and these advancement lead to a genuine and conspicuous need of image transfer and getting safely through the web. The web is not secure for the exchange of dependable data, for example, content, picture and video. Cryptographic procedures are vital to be improved to exchange data through web safely. Routine cryptography, for example, AES, DES, IDEA and RSA includes simply rearranging of pixels and henceforth will prompt decreased security for information protection. With a specific end goal to enhance the security, it is important to expand the intricacy in encryption. As an answer for this it is proposed to utilize confused maps in encryption methods which expand the multifaceted nature. As intricacy builds, data security increments. Thus, chaos-based encryption has its own significance in providing security for secret information i.e. data confidentiality than conventional.
Index Terms: Cryptography, Image Encryption, Image communication and Video Processing.

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Manjunatha V G, Meharunnissa S P, "A novel chaotic system for Video Cryptography using 2D logistics Sine-Cosine maps"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Machining of Face Cam for Loader's Fire safety switch in an Armoured Fighting Vehicle involves establishment of required cam profile and surface finish for the effective functioning and smooth travel of the cam follower. This paper discusses different approaches followed in the development Face cam and its machining methods, cutting tools and cutting parameters.
Key Wrods: Face cam, point milling, flank milling, templates, parametric.

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Prof.S.Rajendiran, "CNC Machining of Face Cam on a Cylindrical Sector"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This paper introduces modelling and simulation of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) of Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS). Two Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) converters have been connected back to back from the rotor terminals to the utility grid via a dc-link. Vector control system typically controlled by a set of PI controllers, which have an important effect on the performance of system dynamics. This paper presents an optimally tuned PI controllers design of a DFIG wind energy system connected to grid using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO). PSO and GWO used to optimize PI controller parameters of both Grid side converter (GSC), and Rotor side converter (RSC) to improve the dynamic operation of the DFIG wind energy system under a variable speed condition.
Key word: Doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), wind energy conversion system (WECS), Rotor side converter (RSC), Grid side converter (GSC), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO).

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Prof. Dr. Al-Said AbdElAziz Osman, Dr. Amged S. El-Wakeel, Dr. A.kamel, Hatem M. Seoudy, "Optimal Tuning of PI Controllers for Doubly-Fed Induction Generator-Based Wind Energy Conversion System using Grey Wolf Optimizer"Vol. 5 - Issue 11 (November - 2015), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com