Peer Reviewed Journal

Study Of Characteristics Strength of Concrete with Admixtures by Flexural and Disc Bending Test

Abstract: Concrete is widely used in structural engineering with its high compressive strength, low cost and abandoned raw material, but common concrete has some deficiency, such as shrinkage and cracking, low tensile strength and flexural strength, high brittleness, that restrict its applications. To overcome these deficiencies' additional materials are added to improve the performance of the concrete. Super plasticizer is a chemical added to conventional concrete mix that makes the concrete more workable and it can be placed easily. The aim of this project work to study the characteristics strengths of concrete such as compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, diametric strength and tensile strength by disc bending test. For the experimental work normal concrete M 40 has to be prepared and characteristics strength such as compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength have to be achieved. This strength has to be performed after 7 days and 28 days curing. After that in addition of super plasticizer the study of the strength have to be performed with various % of plasticizer such as 0.60% to 1.2 % by the weight of cement and study of strength of concrete have to be performed at 7 days and 28 days. A relative comparison of the strength of the concrete with addition of admixtures with normal concrete can be study.

Key words: compressive strength, flexural strength, disc bending test, M 40, Super plasticizer.

Reference
[1] ASTMC 496, 1979. Standard Method of Test for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens.
[2] ASTM C 78, 1982. Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of concrete.
[3] Clegg, B.1965, "weekly cemented sand and its behavior in model pavement structure". Proc. Of the 6th international conf. on soil mechanics and foundations engineering, vol-2 pp. 27-32.
[4] CEB-FIP Model Code, (1990).
[5] Helenelud K.V. (1967)," Vane tests and tension tests in Fibrous Peat", proceeding of geotechnical conference, Oslo, Norway, vol-1 pp.199-203.

Existing Facilities And Deficiencies In A Busy Intersection At Dhaka Based On The Condition Survey Of The Study Area

Abstract: Roundabouts have become increasingly popular in recent years as an innovative operational and safety solution at both low volume and high volume intersections. This paper contains capacity analysis of existing roads at a busy intersection in Dhaka named Polashi intersection, compare capacity and volume, AADT, velocity study, road user behavior, pedestrian flow analysis for proposed roundabout. Evaluations are made on a rational basis using qualitative analysis wherever possible and accepting that some matters determine by the exercise of judgments. Roundabouts have a number of advantages over traffic signals depending on the conditions. They reduce the severity of crashes since head-on and right-angle conflicts are nearly eliminated. They may consume less land area since turn pocket lanes are not needed. They have lower energy and maintenance costs

Key words: Bicycle lane, Intersection, Pedestrian, Traffic Volume, Sidewalk, Safety

Reference
[1] Currin, T. R. 2001. Turning Movement Counts. In Introduction to Traffic Engineering: A Manual for Data Collection and Analysis, ed. B. Stenquist. Stamford, Conn.: Wadsworth Group, pp. 13–23.
[2] Homburger, W. S., J. W. Hall, R. C. Loutzenheiser, and W. R. Reilly. 1996. Volume Studies and Characteristics. In Fundamentals of Traffic Engineering. Berkeley: Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley, pp. 5.1–5.6.
[3] FHWA. 2001. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices: Millennium Edition. Washington, D.C.: Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation.
[4] Robertson, H. D. 1994. Volume Studies. In Manual of Transportation Engineering Studies, ed. H. D. Robertson, J. E. Hummer, and D. C. Nelson. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, Inc., pp. 6– 31.
[5] Sharma, S. C. 1994. Seasonal Traffic Counts for a Precise Estimation of AADT. ITE Journal, Vol. 64, No. 9, pp. 34–41.

A Mathematical Model for the Genetic Variation of Prolactin and Prolactin Receptor in Relationship with Serum Prolactin Concentrations and Breast Cancer Risk

Abstract: The Weibull distribution is a widely used model for studying fatigue and endurance life in engineering devices and materials. Recent advances in Weibull theory have also created numerous specialized Weibull applications. Modern computing technology has made many of these techniques accessible across the engineering spectrum. Despite its popularity, and wide applicability the traditional 2 – parameter and 3- parameter Weibull distribution is unable to capture all the lifetime phenomenon for instance the data set which has a non – monotonic failure rate function. Recently several generalization of Weibull distribution has been studied. An approach to the construction of flexible parametric model is to embed appropriate competing models into a larger model by adding shape parameter. Some recent generalizations of Weibull distribution including the Exponentiated Weibull, Extended Weibull, Modified Weibull are discussed and references [5] therein, along with their reliability functions. In this paper a new generalization of Weibull distribution called the transmuted Weibull distribution is utilized for our medical application. For example, Prolactin and prolactin receptors are present in normal breast tissue, benign breast disease, breast cancer cell lines, and breast tumour tissue, leading to speculation that the proliferative and antiapoptotic effects of prolactin in breast epithelial cells could be a factor in breast carcinogenesis. In this paper, a test for the distribution of prolactin concentrations in controls, by menopausal status and relationships with Serum Prolactin Levels and Breast Cancer Risk was investigated in the application part, by using Transmuted Weibull Distribution. As a result the mathematical curves for the Probability Density Function, Reliability Function and Hazard Rate Function are obtained for the corresponding medical curve given in the application part.

Key words: Prolactin (PRL), Prolactin Receptor (PRLR), Single Nucleotide Polymorphism(SNP), Transmuted Weibull Distribution, Reliability Function, Hazard Rate Function.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 62N05, 90B25

Reference
[1] Bachelot A, Binart N: "Reproductive role of Prolactin", Reproduction 2007, 133: 361 – 369.
[2] Clevenger CV, Furth PA, Hankinson SE, Schuler LA: "The role of prolactin in mammary carcinoma", Endocr Rev 2003, 24: 1- 27
[3] Faupel – Badger JM, Sherman ME, Garcia – Closas M, Gaudet MM, Falk RT, Andaya A: "Prolactin serum levels and breast cancer: Relationships with risk factors and tumour characteristics among pre and postmenopausal women in a population – based control study from Poland", Br J Cancer 2010, 103: 1097 – 1102.
[4] Gokarna R, Aryal and Chris P, Tsokos: "On the transmuted extreme value distribution with application", Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods and Applications, 71: 1401 – 1407, 2009.
[5] Hoang Pham and Chin – Diew Lai: "On recent generalizations of the Weibull Distribution", IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 56(3): 454 – 458, 2007.

Ikram Loukili, , Saida El Moutaki, Abdessamad Ghafiri, Mustapha El Hakdaoui

Abstract: The population and urbanization of Morocco are increasing very rapidly. They have risenin large cities due to heavy immigration rate from rural areas to accessjob opportunities, better education, and better health facilities. Casablanca has the most affected land use changes in Morocco because of the immigration. This paper presents anintegrated study of land use change in this city from 1986 until 2011 using topographic map sheets (1986) and satellite image (2011). The layers of landuse map (1986) were obtainedby digitization technique in ARCGIS 9.3 software. Supervised classification methodology has been employed using maximum likelihood technique in ERDAS IMAGINE (2011) to extract from the satellite image four classes which were categorized into, built-up area, public green spaces, agricultural land and water bodies. The totalarea of each class was estimated by using geometry tools of ArcGISsoftware to compare land use changes between 1986 and 2011.

Key words: land use change, Remote sensing, GIS, Casablanca.

Reference
[1] Haut Commissariat Au Plan, RegionalAccounts of GrandCasablancaGross domestic productandfinal expenditure of household consumption (Morocco, 2004).
[2] Casablanca port history of the future 2013,Centenaire du port de Casablanca 1913-2013
[3] http://www.casablanca-airport.com/
[4] M.Chouiki, L'aménagement des marges urbaines de Casablanca (Morocco, 2003).
[5] S.Saadi, Mediterranean politicsV17 N2-3, Water privatization dynamics in Morocco a critical assessment of the Casablanca case, 2012, 376-393.

Experimental and Fe Analysis of Eccentric Loaded Welded Joint Structure

Abstract: Arc welded structures are widely used in automobiles, constructions & power plants. As the main cause of weldment failure is design defect & overload, hence it is necessary to analyze the maximum stresses in the weldment. In this project experimentation is carried out on symmetrical and unsymmetrical eccentric loaded welded joint to determine the breaking stress in the weldment. The FE analysis & analytical estimation of breaking stress is also carried out to verify the experimental results. The stress distribution along weld size & throat thickness is evaluated and also compared with reported findings under same loading condition. Further eccentric loaded welded joint is analyzed under eccentric load by varying the gap between parent plates.

Key words: Eccentric, weldment

Reference
[1] Butler, L. J., Pal, S., and Kulak, G. L. (1972). "Eccentrically Loaded Welded Connections," Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 98, ST5, May, pp. 989-1005.
[2] Dawe, J. L., and Kulak, G. L. (1972). "Welded Connections under Combined Shear andMoment," Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 100, No. ST4, May, pp. 727-741.
[3] Neis, V.V. (1980). "Factored Resistance of Welded Connections Subject to Shear and Moment," Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 84-92.
[4] Beaulieu, D., and Picard, A. (1985). "Résultatsd' essaissur des assemblage's soudés Excentriques en flexion," Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 12, pp. 494-506.
[5] Canadian Institute of Steel Construction (2006): Handbook of Steel Construction. Ninth Edition. Toronto, Ontario.

Experimental And FE Analysis Of Eccentric Loaded Symmetrical And Unsymmetrical Bolted Joint With Bolt Pretension

Abstract: This paper presents experimental and FE analysis of eccentric loaded bolted joint under symmetric and unsymmetrical bolt system with consider bolt pretension. A cad model of a bolted joint has been developed using modeling software PROE5.0 and FE analysis was carried out by using ANSYSWORKBENCH12.0.stress analysis has been carried out by varying bolt pattern of bolted joint for predict maximum heavily loaded bolt. Experimental work was conducted to measure maximum shear strength of the specimens for validation of the developed FE model. Experimental work was carried out on hydraulic jack and specimen of bolted joint was tested to know maximum shear strength of bolt. The results from both FE analysis and experimental work were then compared and show close results among them.

Key words: ANSYS WORKBENCH12.0, Bolt Pretension, FEM, PROE5.0.

Reference
[1] Rados Bulatovic, JankoJovanovic "An Analysis Of The Mathematical Models In The Deformation Process of Eccentrically Loaded Bolts" Udc 621.315.684:519.87 (March-2000)
[2] Dr.Saman Fernando "The Function of Washers in Bolted Joint"(Aug-2002)
[3] Mahesh J. Patil, S.C. shilwant & Satish S. Kadam" Self-Loosening of Bolted Joints :A parametric study" (Jan-2006)
[4] Aidy Ali, Ting Wei Yao, Nuraini Abdul Aziz "Simulation And Experimental Work Of Single Lap Bolted Joint Tested In Bending" Suranaree J. Sci. Technol.14 (4):331-345 (Nov-2007)
[5] Mohamed Tahar, Nasraoui Jamel Chakhari, Boubaker Khalfi, Mustapha Nasri "Numerical and Experimental Study of Shear Loaded Bolted Joint"(June-2010)

Design of Lattice Wind Turbine Towers With Structural Optimization

Abstract: This article aims to study the self-supporting truss towers used to support large wind turbines in areas with high altitude. The goal is to evaluate and validate numerically by finite element method the structural analysis when the lattice structures of the towers of wind turbines are subjected to static loads and these from common usage. With this, it is expected minimize the cost of transportation and installation of the tower and maximize the generation of electricity, respecting technical standards and restrictions of structural integrity and safety, making vibration analysis and the required static and dynamic loads, thereby preventing failures by fractures or mechanical fatigue. Practical examples of towers will be designed by the system and will be tested in structural simulation programs using the Finite Element Method. This analysis is done on the entire region coupling action of the turbine, with variable sensitivity to vibration levels. The results obtained for freestanding lattice tower are compared with the information of a tubular one designed to support the generator with the same characteristics. At the end of this work itwas possible to observe the feasibility of using lattice towers that proved better as its structural performance but with caveats about its dynamic performance since the appearance of several other modes natural frequency thus reducing the intervals between them in low frequency and theoretically increase the risk of resonance.

Key words: Structural Analysis, Vibration Analysis, Self-Supporting Truss Towers, Wind Energy, Finite Element Method, Structural Optimization

Reference
[1] AMARANTE, O. A. C., et al, 2010, Atlas do Potencial Eólico Brasileiro, Ministério de Minas e Energia, Eletrobrás, CEPEL.
[2] AMARANTE, O. A. C., SILVA, F. J. L., 2002, Atlas Eólico do Rio Grande do Sul, Secretaria de Energia Minas e Comunicações do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS. NBR 6123: Forças devidas ao vento em edificações. Rio de Janeiro: ABNT, 1988
[3] ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS. NBR 5422: Projeto de linhas aéreas de transmissão de energia elétrica. Rio de Janeiro: ABNT, 1985.
[4] ENERCON, 2004, "E70 - Booklet", EnerconInternationalDepartment, www.enercon.de acessado em 20 de junho de 2011.
[5] FERREIRA, T.S., 2012, Comportamento Estrutural de Torres Treliçadas Autoportantes de Aço para Suporte de Turbinas Eólicas, Dissertação (Mestrado em engenharia mecânica) - Pontifícia universidade Católica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Minas Gerias – MG.

Performance Analysis of Cognitive Radio for Wi-Fi Signals Using Cyclostationary Spectrum Sensing

Abstract: The need for radio spectrum usage is increasing day by day with recent advancements in wireless system. But there is limited amount of spectrum available. So that for solving this problem Cognitive Radio (CR) is used for purpose of the spectrum utilization properly. Basically the Licensed users use the licensed bands but the unlicensed users should always check spectrum with the help of CR technology. The main aim of cognitive radio is to sense the spectrum continuously. In this paper, we have provided the proposal that how the capacity of the system can be increased by reuse the unused licensed band by simulating a Cognitive radio system. The secondary users can occupy free space (spectrum holes) and also licensed bands by continuously monitoring the spectrum. The requirements of cognitive radio systems will be investigated by considering spectrum sensing techniques. To achieve this, a Cyclostationary Spectrum Sensing technique is studied and applied to detect OFDM signals in a noisy environment. The results are obtained for the applications employed in high frequency, such as, Wi-Fi.

Key words: Cognitive Radio,Cyclostationary Spectrum Sensing, Spectrum Sensing,SpectrumHoles,Wi-Fi.

Reference
[1] Danijela, S. M. Mishra, D. Willkomm, R. Brodersen and A. Wolisz, "A cognitive radio approach for usage of virtual unlicensed spectrum," in 14th IST Mobile and Wireless Communications Summit, 2005.
[2] I. F. Akyildiz, W.-Y. Lee, M. C. Vuran and S. Mohanty, "Next generation/dynamic spectrum access/cognitive radio wireless networks: a survey," Computer Networks, vol. 50, no. 13, pp. 2127-2159, 2006.
[3] D. Cabric, "Addressing the Feasibility of Cognitive Radios," in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine , November 2008.
[4] F. W. D. Datla, "A framework for RF spectrum measurements analysis," in in Proc. IEEE Int. Symposioum on new Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Acces Networks, 2008.
[5] A. Al-Dulaimi and N. Radhi, "Cyclostationary Detection of Undefined Secondary Users," IEEE Computer Society, 2009.

Conceptual Cost Estimate of Libyan Highway Projects Using Artificial Neural Network

Abstract: It is well known that decisions at early stages of a construction project have great impact on subsequent project performance. Conceptual cost estimate is a challenging task that is done with limited information at the early stages of a project life where many factors affecting the project costs are still unknown. The objective of this paper is to support decision makers in predicting the conceptual cost of highway construction projects in Libya. Initially, the factors that significantly influence highway construction are identified. Then, an artificial neural network model is developed for predicting the cost. The network is trained and tested with a total of 67 projects historical data. Training of the model is administered via back-propagation algorithm. The model is coded ad implemented using MATLAB® to facilitate its use. An optimization module is also added to the Neural Network model with the objective of minimizing the error of the predicted cost. The model is then validated and the results show better predictions of conceptual cost of highway projects in Libya.

Key words: Construction, Conceptual cost estimating, Neural Networks, Highway projects, Libya.

Reference
[1] Adeli, H., and Wu, M. (1998), "Regularization neural network for construction cost estimation," Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 124, No. 1, PP. 18-24.
[2] Al-Tabtabai, H., Alex, P., and Tantash, M. (1999), "Preliminary Cost Estimation of Highway Construction Using Neural Networks. Journal of Cost Engineering, Vol. 41, No. 3, PP. 19-24.
[3] Ayed, A.S. (1997), Parametric Cost Estimating of Highway Projects using Neural Networks, M. Sc. Thesis, Faculty of engineering and Applied Sciences, Newfoundland, Canada.
[4] David, J.L., Margaret, W.E. and Anthony, H. (2006), "Predicting Construction Cost Using Multiple Regression Techniques," Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 132, No. 7, PP. 750-758.
[5] Dutta, D. (2006), Statistics and Operations Research, Second Edition, Laxmi Publications (P) LTD, Daryaganj, New Delhi.

Data Mining to Facilitate Effective User Navigation and Improve Structure of a Website

Abstract: Now a days for a company it is very important to have active presence on web to become successful in electronic market. This requirement is fulfilled by an interactive website of a company. Website can be used to sell goods, maintain customer relationships, promotion of goods. By looking at the customer's response towards website we can decide campaign for future products and services. So for this website should be interactive and must be used by user by the way designer wants to. So, it is very important to study navigational behavior of a customer. By analyzing the web logs which records the navigational activity of the customer we can get several sequential patterns which helps us to study whether user is pursuing site's goal or not. Sequences are analyzed with WUM (Web Utilization Miner) which gives g-sequence (Generalized Sequence) and aggregate tree as an output. On the basis of the structure that is given by WUM, conclusions are studied and it is decided whether site structure needs improvement; The improvements suggested should be minimum but at the same time site should satisfy business goal. A mathematical programming model is used which suggest minimum improvements to site. Improvements which tends to change structure of site are avoided as it may be confusing for old site user.

Reference
[1] Chintan R. Varnagar, Nirali N. Madhak, Trupti M. Kodinariya, Jayesh N. Rathod, Web Usage Mining: A Review on Process, Methods and Techniques,
[2] Myra Spiliopoulou, CarstenPohle Data Mining to Measure and Improve the Success of web,arXiv:cs.LG/0008009 v1 15 Aug 2000
[3] Min Chen and Young U. Ryu, Facilitating Effective User Navigation through Website Structure Improvement, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING, VOL. 25, NO. 3, MARCH 2013
[4] Myra Spiliopoulou, Lukas C. Faulstich, WUM: A Web Utilization Miner
[5] M. Eirinaki and M. Vazirgiannis, "Web Mining for WebPersonalization," ACM Trans. Internet Technology, vol. 3, no. 1,pp. 1-27, 2003

Study of Buckling Restrained Braces in Steel Frame Building

Abstract: Conventional braces have limited deformation ductility capacity, and exhibit unsymmetrical hysteretic cycles, with marked strength deterioration when loaded in compression. To overcome the above mentioned problems, a new type of brace was developed in Japan called as buckling restrained braces, designated as BRB's. These braces are designed such that buckling is inhibited to occur, exhibiting adequate behavior and symmetrical hysteretic curves under the action of both tensile and compressive cycles, produced by the action of seismic and wind forces. This paper presents experimental results concerning the lateral load carrying capacity of steel frame model by use of buckling restrained brace. This paper also includes the comparative study of lateral load carrying capacity of frame model for bare frame, frame with Conventional brace and frame with buckling restrained brace.

Key words: Lateral load, Steel frame, Conventional brace, Buckling restrained brace (BRB)

Reference
[1] Amiri J.V., Naeej M. and Monaeej M.R. (2013) "Seismic Retrofitting of Steel Frames with Buckling Restrained Braces", Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment , Geo-hazards and Civil Engineering, ISSN 2079-2115, pp. 178-185.
[2] Deulkar1 W. N., Modhera C. D. & Patil H. S. (2010) " Buckling Restrained Braces for vibration Control Of Building Structure" IJRRAS 4, pp-363-375.
[3] Fahnestock L. A. Ricles J.M., and Sause R. (2007)" Experimental Evaluation of a Large-Scale Buckling-Restrained Braced Frame" Journal of Structural Engineering © ASCE, Pp-1205-1214.
[4] Hussain Saif, Benschoten P. V., Satari M.A., Lin S. (2005) " Buckling Restrained Braced Frame (BRBF) Structures: Analysis, Design and Approvals Issues" Coffman Engineers, Inc. Los Angeles, CA
[5] Iwata Mamoru,(2004) "Applications-design Of Buckling Restrained Braces In Japan " 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., pp-1-6.

A Case Study on Ip Based Cdma Ran by Controlling Router

Abstract: As communication plays an important role in day to day life, the effective and efficient data transmission is to be maintained. This paper mainly deals with implements a congestion control mechanism using Router control method for IP-RAN on CDMA cellular network. The Router control mechanism uses the features of CDMA networks using active Queue Management technique to reduce delay and to minimize the correlated losses. When utilizing these new personal tools and services to enrich our lives, while being mobile, we are using Mobile Multimedia applications. As new handsets, new technologies and new business models are introduced on the marketplace, new attractive multimedia services can and will be launched, fulfilling the demands. Because the number of multimedia services and even more so, the context in which the services are used is numerous, the following model is introduced in order to simplify and clarify how different services will evolve, enrich our lives and fulfill our desires.The proposed paper work is to be realized using Matlab platform.

Key words: REDAQM, CDMA, IP-RAN, Matlab.

Reference
[1] Andy Miller and Michael Gulotta,(1999) "PN Generators Using the SRL Macro", Application Note: Virtex Series, Virtex-II Series, and Spartan-II Family, Xilinx Website
[2] E.H. Dinan, B. Jabbari, "Spreading codes for direct sequence CDMA", IEEE Communications Magazine, pp. 48-54, September 1998.
[3] Marat and Bosquet, (2002)"Satellite Communications Systems", Fourth Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc
[4] Simon Haykin,(2000) "Communication Systems ", Fourth Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc
[5] Timothy Pratt, Charles W. Bostian, (1989) "Satellite Communications", John Wiley & Sons, Inc

Effect of Storage Period on the Physicochemical, Sensory and Microbiological Quality of Bakery Flavoured Ice Cream

Abstract: Storage conditions were known to bring about some physicochemical changes in frozen foods. The present investigation was therefore carried out to examine the effect of storage period on the physicochemical, sensory and microbiological quality of bakery flavoured ice cream. Bakery flavoured ice cream incorporating cookies (plain and chocolate) and cakes (vanilla and chocolate) at 10 per cent level were prepared and subjected to 60 days of frozen storage and evaluated periodically at intervals of 15 days. With the progress in the storage period total solids, acidity and specific gravity of all ice cream samples increased significantly (p<0.01) during the storage, while pH, antioxidant activity and overrun decreased significantly (p<0.01). Protein, fibre and ash content do not show any significant change during storage. The decrease in total phenolic content was found to be non significant with increase in storage period from 0 to 60 days. Storage period had significant (p<0.01) on L and a*colour attributes of ice cream samples. First dripping time increased while melting rate decreased in all samples. The mean sensory scores of all ice cream samples decreased significantly with progress in storage period at -18±1^oC. There was a significant decline in Standard Plate Count (SPC) and increase in psychrophillic count with progress in storage period.

Key words: Ice cream, physicochemical, sensory quality, first dripping time, melting rate, microbiological quality, storage.

Reference
[1] Abdullah M, Rehman S, Zubair H, Saeed H M, Kousar S and Shahid M (2003) Effect of skim milk in soymilk blend on the quality of ice cream. Pakistan J Nutr 2:305-311
[2] Akesowan A (2008) Effect of combined stabilizers containing Konjac flour and κ-carrageenan on ice cream. Australian J Technol 12:81-85
[3] AOAC (2000) Official Methods of Analysis. 17th Edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gathersberg, Maryland, USA
[4] APHA (1992) Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods. 3rd Edition, American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C
[5] Arbuckle W S (1977) Ice Cream. AVI Publishing Company, Inc New York

Preprocessing and Classification in WEKA Using Different Classifiers

Abstract: Data mining is a process of extracting information from a dataset and transform it into understandable structure for further use, also it discovers patterns in large data sets [1]. Data mining has number of important techniques such as preprocessing, classification. Classification is one such technique which is based on supervised learning. It is a technique used for predicting group membership for the data instance. Here in this paper we use preprocessing, classification on diabetes database. Here we apply classifiers on this database and compare the result based on certain parameters using WEKA. 77.2 million people in India are suffering from pre diabetes. ICMR estimates that around 65.1million are diabetes patients. Globally in year 2010, 227 to 285 million people had diabetes, out of that 90% cases are related to type 2 ,this is equal to 3.3% of the population with equal rates in both women and men in 2011 it resulted in 1.4 million deaths worldwide making it the leading cause of death.

Key words: AD Tree; J48; Random Tree; REP Tree; Simple cart; WEKA;

Reference
[1] J. Han and M. Kamber, "Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques", Morgan Kaufmann, 2000.
[2] Varun Kumar and Nisha Rathee," Knowledge discovery from database Using an integration of clustering and classification", (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2011.
[3] Swasti Singhal, Monika Jena, "A Study on WEKA Tool for Data Preprocessing, Classification and Clustering", International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering(IJITEE), 2013

Design & Simulation of E-Shaped Micro Strip Patch Antenna for GPS Application

Abstract: Micro strip antennas are widely used in many applications due to their low Profile, low cost and ease of fabrication. In some applications it is desired to have a dual band or multiband characteristics. This paper presents the design and simulation of E-shape micro strip patch antenna with wideband operating frequency for wireless application. The shape will provide the broad bandwidth which is required in various application like remote sensing, biomedical application, mobile radio, satellite communication etc. The antenna design is an improvement from previous research and it is simulated using HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) version 13.0 software. GPS provides specially coded satellite signals that can be processed with a GPS receiver enabling the receiver to compute position, velocity and time. Coaxial feed or probe feed technique is used. Parametric study was included to determine affect of design towards the antenna performance. Radiation performance of the designed antenna is simulated using the HFSS software version 13.0. The performance of the designed antenna was analyzed in term of bandwidth, gain, return loss, VSWR, and radiation pattern. The design was optimized to meet the best possible result. Substrate used was air which has a dielectric constant of 1.0006. The results show the wideband antenna is able to operate from 8.80 GHz to 13.49 GHz frequency band with optimum frequency at 8.73 GHz. Due to the compact area occupied. The pro-posed antenna is promising to be embedded within the different portable devices employing GPS applications.

Key words: E-shaped slot microstrip,Rectangular Patch,Co-axial probe, GPS, HFSS Software

Reference
[1] Ge, Y.; Esselle, K.P.; Bird, T.S.; , "E-shaped patch antennas for highspeed wireless networks," Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on , vol.52, no.12, pp. 3213- 3219, Dec. 2004
[2] B.-K. Ang and B.-K. Chung, "A wideband e-shaped microstrip patch antenna for 5 - 6 GHz wireless communications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 75, 397-407, 2007.
[3] Yang, F.; Xue-Xia Zhang; Xiaoning Ye; Rahmat-Samii, Y.; "Wide-band E-shaped patch antennas for wireless communications," Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on , vol.49, no.7, pp.1094-1100, Jul 2001
[4] Hadian, A.M.; Hassani, H.R.; , "Wideband Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna with U-Slot," Antennas and Propagation, 2007. EuCAP 2007. The Second European Conference on , vol., no., pp.1-5, 11-16 Nov. 2007
[5] Vedaprabhu, B.; Vinoy, K.J.; , "A double U-slot patch antenna with dual Wideband characteristics," Communications (NCC), 2010 National Conference on , vol., no., pp.1-4, 29-31 Jan. 2010

10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On Ftth

Abstract: The wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) is considered to be the next evolutionary solution for a simplified and future-proofed access system that can accommodate exponential traffic growth and bandwidth-hungry new applications. WDM-PON mitigates the complicated time-sharing and power budget issues in time division- multiplexed PON (TDM-PON) by providing virtual point-to-point optical connectivity to multiple end users through a dedicated pair of wavelengths. The objective of this paper is proposed a scheme for metropolitan area networks comprising optical components based on arrayed waveguide grating multiplexers, demultiplexers .The Arrayed waveguide gratings based multiplexers and demultiplexers for WDM applications prove to be capable of precise multiplexing and demultiplexing of a large number of channels with relatively low losses.

Key words: AWGPON. PON, WDMPON, TDMPON

Reference
[1] R. Ramaswami, N.J. Sivarajan Optical Networks, a practical perspective, second edition, Elsevier Science and Technology books, November 2001.
[2] G.P. Agrawal, Fibre-optic communication systems‖, third edition, John Wiley and Sons, May 2002.
[3] Diptish Dey, Theory towards an all optical WDM slotted ring MAN with support for optical multi casting, Ph.D Thesis, University of Twente, June 2003, available at http:/www.tup.utwente.nl.
[4] ITU-T, "G.983.1 Broadband Passive Optical Networks (BPON): General characteristics," June 1999.
[5] ITU-T, "G.984.1 Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (GPON): General characteristics," Mar. 2003.

Apprehension of Youth towards Social Networking Sites: Two Sides of a Coin

Abstract: Social networking sites are wide area of research. Rapid growth in Technology and Human Resources provides us new platform to build social networks. Today it has become highest point of concern to be aware of social networking sites and built networks. Since few years Social networking site has become very popular. There are different social networking sites for different purpose fulfillment. Orkut fails in the race of Social Networking Sites as compare to facebook. Although Facebook came in existence later but able to attract more crowd. It is user-friendly. Everything which is developed as pros and cons it depends upon the user if they took advantage of technology and develops personality as well as build social networks or get involve themselves in illegal things such as hacking and use wrong sources. The advantages and disadvantages of the social networking sites are mentioned in this research paper.

Reference
[1] www.ischool.utexas.edu/~i385q/archive/sharma_social_networks.ppt
[2] http://www.pr.com/pressrelease/214190cs.nyu.edu/~jchen/socialnetworks.ppt
[3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network
[4] http://www.forrester.com
[5] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_social_networking_websites

Failure Mode Analysis Of Torsion Shaft In Garrett-5 Engine Using Two Test Pieces

Abstract: This work deals with "Failure Analysis of Internal splines in Torsion Shaft" of "TPE 331-5-252D - GARRET ENGINE" which is used in Dornier aircraft. Garret Engine is a type of air breathing engine. It comes under the category of Turboprop engines of Gas turbine engine. As separate shafts are used for propeller and turbine, this aids them to rotate at different RPM. A torsion shaft is used to transmit the torque from main shaft to propeller shaft. Torsion shaft is used to give a deflection which is also used to measure the torque of the engine. This torsion shaft is internally connected with the main power transmission shaft and its other end is coupled to a coupler shaft with engagement of its internal splines to the external splines of coupler shaft. Further this coupler connects to the gearing system and transmits power to the propeller shaft. Due to Continues variable load over internal splines, it is subjected to high rate of wear and tear. This problem can be rectified by Failure Mode Analysis Method, in which heat treatment process of torsion shaft is being carried out. Two test pieces are heat treated separately at different temperatures of 580⁰C and 540⁰C at variable time durations. Tuffriding which is a Liquid nitriding process is done with this two test pieces and results are analyzed. The hardness of the material is increased to desired values and its life time is also increased which overcomes the problem.

Key words: Coupler, Splines, Torsion Shaft, Tuffriding, Wear.

Reference
[1] Christopher DellaCorte, Antonio R. Zaldana, A Systems Approach to the Solid Lubrication of Foil Air Bearings for Oil-Free Turbomachinery, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2002.
[2] Cliff Garrett, Canadian Museum of Flight, Garrett TPE331 Sigma Publications 1973.
[3] David Schrand, The Basics of Torque Measurement, Sensor Developments Inc. 1987.
[4] Guillaume Morel1, Karl Iagnemma, Steven Dubowsky, The precise control of manipulators with high joint-friction using base force/torque sensin", Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Received 11 May 1998.
[5] Gunston, Bill, World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition. Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK: Sutton Publishing Limited. Simon Wallenberg Pres (2006).

Effect of Fillers on E-Glass/Jute Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Abstract: In this work, an investigation was carried out on E-glass fiber/jute fiber reinforced epoxy composites filled with varying concentrations of bone and coconut shell powder. The composites were fabricated by hand lay-up technique and the mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength, flexural strength, inter laminar shear strength (ILSS), tensile modulus, impact strength and hardness of the fabricated composites were tested. The test results of these were compared with unfilled HFRP composites. From the results it was found that the mechanical properties of the composites increased with the increase in filler content. Composites filled with 15% volume coconut shell powder exhibited maximum flexural strength, inter laminar shear strength (ILSS), tensile modulus and hardness. Maximum impact strength was achieved by addition of filler (15% Vol.) of bone powder.

Key words: Bone powder, Coconut shell powder, HFRP composites, Mechanical Properties

Reference
[1] M A Gulbarga and S B Burli, State of art, low investment, in house and manual preparation of injection moldable bio-composite granules, Int J Sci Res, 3(8), 2013, 1-6.
[2] J Kasama and S Nitinat, Effect of glass fiber hybridization on properties of sisal fiber–polypropylene composites, Compo Part B, 40, 2009, 623-627.
[3] S V Joshi, L T Drzal, A K Mohanty and S Arora, Are natural fiber composites environmentally superior to glass fiber reinforced composites. Compo Part A, 35, 2004, 371–376.
[4] P J Roe and M P Ansell, Jute reinforced polyester composites, J Mat Sci, 20, 1985, 4015-4020.
[5] S Alok, S Savita and Adityakumar, Study of mechanical properties and absorption behavior of coconut shell powder epoxy composites, Int J Mat Sci App, 2(5), 2013, 157-161.

Theoretical and Statistical Models for Predicting Flux in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation

Abstract: Theoretical modelhas been applied to predict the performance of Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) based on the analysis of heat and mass transfer through the membrane. The performance of DCMD on the account of different operating parameters had been predicted. Feed inlet temperature, coolant inlet temperature, feed flow rate and coolant flow rate are the considered performance variables. Based on the data obtained from theoretical model, statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was then performed to determine the significant effect of each operating factors on the DCMD system performance. A new regression model was subsequently developed for predicting the performance of the DCMD system. Resultsrevealed that both theoretical and regression models were in good agreement with each other and also with the selected experimental data used for validation. The maximum percentage error between the two models was found to be1.098%. Hence, the developed regression model is adequate for predict the performance of DCMD system within the domain of the considered analysis.

Key words: Water Desalination, Direct contact membrane distillation, theoretical modelling, ANOVA, Taguchi methodology, regression model.

Reference
[1] A.S. Jonsson, R. Wimmerstedt, and A.-C. Harrysson, Membrane distillation-A theoretical study of evap. through microporous membranes,Desalination, vol. 56, pp. 1985, 237-249.
[2] L. Martínez, and F.J. Florido-Díaz, Theoretical and experimental studies on desalination using membrane distillation, Desalination, vol.139(1–3),2001,pp. 373-379.
[3] J. M. Li, Z. K. Xu, Z. M. Liu, W. F. Yuan, H. Xiang, S. Y. Wang, Y. Y. Xu, Microporous polypropylene and polyethylene hollow fiber membranes. Part 3. Experimental studies on membrane distillation for desalination,Desalination, vol. 155(2), 2003, pp. 153-156.
[4] R.W. Field, H.Y. Wu, J. J. Wu, Multiscale Modeling of Membrane Distillation: Some Theoretical Considerations,Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 52 (26), 2013, pp. 8822–8828.
[5] T. Y. Cath, V.D. Adams, A.E. Childress, Experimental study of desalination using direct contact membrane distillation: a new approach to flux enhancement,Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 228(1), 2004, pp. 5-16.

S.No.	Title	Page	Downloads
1.	Study Of Characteristics Strength of Concrete with Admixtures by Flexural and Disc Bending Test Study Of Characteristics Strength of Concrete with Admixtures by Flexural and Disc Bending Test Abstract: Concrete is widely used in structural engineering with its high compressive strength, low cost and abandoned raw material, but common concrete has some deficiency, such as shrinkage and cracking, low tensile strength and flexural strength, high brittleness, that restrict its applications. To overcome these deficiencies' additional materials are added to improve the performance of the concrete. Super plasticizer is a chemical added to conventional concrete mix that makes the concrete more workable and it can be placed easily. The aim of this project work to study the characteristics strengths of concrete such as compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength, diametric strength and tensile strength by disc bending test. For the experimental work normal concrete M 40 has to be prepared and characteristics strength such as compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength have to be achieved. This strength has to be performed after 7 days and 28 days curing. After that in addition of super plasticizer the study of the strength have to be performed with various % of plasticizer such as 0.60% to 1.2 % by the weight of cement and study of strength of concrete have to be performed at 7 days and 28 days. A relative comparison of the strength of the concrete with addition of admixtures with normal concrete can be study. Key words: compressive strength, flexural strength, disc bending test, M 40, Super plasticizer. Reference [1] ASTMC 496, 1979. Standard Method of Test for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens. [2] ASTM C 78, 1982. Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of concrete. [3] Clegg, B.1965, "weekly cemented sand and its behavior in model pavement structure". Proc. Of the 6th international conf. on soil mechanics and foundations engineering, vol-2 pp. 27-32. [4] CEB-FIP Model Code, (1990). [5] Helenelud K.V. (1967)," Vane tests and tension tests in Fibrous Peat", proceeding of geotechnical conference, Oslo, Norway, vol-1 pp.199-203. Anant Kumar, Chandan Kumar, Shyam Kishor Kumar, Amit Kumar	01-07
2.	Existing Facilities And Deficiencies In A Busy Intersection At Dhaka Based On The Condition Survey Of The Study Area Existing Facilities And Deficiencies In A Busy Intersection At Dhaka Based On The Condition Survey Of The Study Area Abstract: Roundabouts have become increasingly popular in recent years as an innovative operational and safety solution at both low volume and high volume intersections. This paper contains capacity analysis of existing roads at a busy intersection in Dhaka named Polashi intersection, compare capacity and volume, AADT, velocity study, road user behavior, pedestrian flow analysis for proposed roundabout. Evaluations are made on a rational basis using qualitative analysis wherever possible and accepting that some matters determine by the exercise of judgments. Roundabouts have a number of advantages over traffic signals depending on the conditions. They reduce the severity of crashes since head-on and right-angle conflicts are nearly eliminated. They may consume less land area since turn pocket lanes are not needed. They have lower energy and maintenance costs Key words: Bicycle lane, Intersection, Pedestrian, Traffic Volume, Sidewalk, Safety Reference [1] Currin, T. R. 2001. Turning Movement Counts. In Introduction to Traffic Engineering: A Manual for Data Collection and Analysis, ed. B. Stenquist. Stamford, Conn.: Wadsworth Group, pp. 13–23. [2] Homburger, W. S., J. W. Hall, R. C. Loutzenheiser, and W. R. Reilly. 1996. Volume Studies and Characteristics. In Fundamentals of Traffic Engineering. Berkeley: Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Berkeley, pp. 5.1–5.6. [3] FHWA. 2001. Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices: Millennium Edition. Washington, D.C.: Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. [4] Robertson, H. D. 1994. Volume Studies. In Manual of Transportation Engineering Studies, ed. H. D. Robertson, J. E. Hummer, and D. C. Nelson. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, Inc., pp. 6– 31. [5] Sharma, S. C. 1994. Seasonal Traffic Counts for a Precise Estimation of AADT. ITE Journal, Vol. 64, No. 9, pp. 34–41. Mahmudul Hasan, Tajkia Syeed Tofa, Mohammad Rakibul Islam Khan	08-11
3.	A Mathematical Model for the Genetic Variation of Prolactin and Prolactin Receptor in Relationship with Serum Prolactin Concentrations and Breast Cancer Risk A Mathematical Model for the Genetic Variation of Prolactin and Prolactin Receptor in Relationship with Serum Prolactin Concentrations and Breast Cancer Risk Abstract: The Weibull distribution is a widely used model for studying fatigue and endurance life in engineering devices and materials. Recent advances in Weibull theory have also created numerous specialized Weibull applications. Modern computing technology has made many of these techniques accessible across the engineering spectrum. Despite its popularity, and wide applicability the traditional 2 – parameter and 3- parameter Weibull distribution is unable to capture all the lifetime phenomenon for instance the data set which has a non – monotonic failure rate function. Recently several generalization of Weibull distribution has been studied. An approach to the construction of flexible parametric model is to embed appropriate competing models into a larger model by adding shape parameter. Some recent generalizations of Weibull distribution including the Exponentiated Weibull, Extended Weibull, Modified Weibull are discussed and references [5] therein, along with their reliability functions. In this paper a new generalization of Weibull distribution called the transmuted Weibull distribution is utilized for our medical application. For example, Prolactin and prolactin receptors are present in normal breast tissue, benign breast disease, breast cancer cell lines, and breast tumour tissue, leading to speculation that the proliferative and antiapoptotic effects of prolactin in breast epithelial cells could be a factor in breast carcinogenesis. In this paper, a test for the distribution of prolactin concentrations in controls, by menopausal status and relationships with Serum Prolactin Levels and Breast Cancer Risk was investigated in the application part, by using Transmuted Weibull Distribution. As a result the mathematical curves for the Probability Density Function, Reliability Function and Hazard Rate Function are obtained for the corresponding medical curve given in the application part. Key words: Prolactin (PRL), Prolactin Receptor (PRLR), Single Nucleotide Polymorphism(SNP), Transmuted Weibull Distribution, Reliability Function, Hazard Rate Function. Mathematics Subject Classification: 62N05, 90B25 Reference [1] Bachelot A, Binart N: "Reproductive role of Prolactin", Reproduction 2007, 133: 361 – 369. [2] Clevenger CV, Furth PA, Hankinson SE, Schuler LA: "The role of prolactin in mammary carcinoma", Endocr Rev 2003, 24: 1- 27 [3] Faupel – Badger JM, Sherman ME, Garcia – Closas M, Gaudet MM, Falk RT, Andaya A: "Prolactin serum levels and breast cancer: Relationships with risk factors and tumour characteristics among pre and postmenopausal women in a population – based control study from Poland", Br J Cancer 2010, 103: 1097 – 1102. [4] Gokarna R, Aryal and Chris P, Tsokos: "On the transmuted extreme value distribution with application", Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods and Applications, 71: 1401 – 1407, 2009. [5] Hoang Pham and Chin – Diew Lai: "On recent generalizations of the Weibull Distribution", IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 56(3): 454 – 458, 2007. S. Lakshmi and M. Goperundevi	12-18
4.	Gisand Remote Sensing Applied To Land Use Change Of The Prefecture Of CASABLANCA, Morocco From 1986 Until 2011 Ikram Loukili, , Saida El Moutaki, Abdessamad Ghafiri, Mustapha El Hakdaoui Abstract: The population and urbanization of Morocco are increasing very rapidly. They have risenin large cities due to heavy immigration rate from rural areas to accessjob opportunities, better education, and better health facilities. Casablanca has the most affected land use changes in Morocco because of the immigration. This paper presents anintegrated study of land use change in this city from 1986 until 2011 using topographic map sheets (1986) and satellite image (2011). The layers of landuse map (1986) were obtainedby digitization technique in ARCGIS 9.3 software. Supervised classification methodology has been employed using maximum likelihood technique in ERDAS IMAGINE (2011) to extract from the satellite image four classes which were categorized into, built-up area, public green spaces, agricultural land and water bodies. The totalarea of each class was estimated by using geometry tools of ArcGISsoftware to compare land use changes between 1986 and 2011. Key words: land use change, Remote sensing, GIS, Casablanca. Reference [1] Haut Commissariat Au Plan, RegionalAccounts of GrandCasablancaGross domestic productandfinal expenditure of household consumption (Morocco, 2004). [2] Casablanca port history of the future 2013,Centenaire du port de Casablanca 1913-2013 [3] http://www.casablanca-airport.com/ [4] M.Chouiki, L'aménagement des marges urbaines de Casablanca (Morocco, 2003). [5] S.Saadi, Mediterranean politicsV17 N2-3, Water privatization dynamics in Morocco a critical assessment of the Casablanca case, 2012, 376-393. Ikram Loukili, Saida El Moutaki, Abdessamad Ghafiri, Mustapha El Hakdaoui	19-24
5.	Experimental and Fe Analysis of Eccentric Loaded Welded Joint Structure Experimental and Fe Analysis of Eccentric Loaded Welded Joint Structure Abstract: Arc welded structures are widely used in automobiles, constructions & power plants. As the main cause of weldment failure is design defect & overload, hence it is necessary to analyze the maximum stresses in the weldment. In this project experimentation is carried out on symmetrical and unsymmetrical eccentric loaded welded joint to determine the breaking stress in the weldment. The FE analysis & analytical estimation of breaking stress is also carried out to verify the experimental results. The stress distribution along weld size & throat thickness is evaluated and also compared with reported findings under same loading condition. Further eccentric loaded welded joint is analyzed under eccentric load by varying the gap between parent plates. Key words: Eccentric, weldment Reference [1] Butler, L. J., Pal, S., and Kulak, G. L. (1972). "Eccentrically Loaded Welded Connections," Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 98, ST5, May, pp. 989-1005. [2] Dawe, J. L., and Kulak, G. L. (1972). "Welded Connections under Combined Shear andMoment," Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 100, No. ST4, May, pp. 727-741. [3] Neis, V.V. (1980). "Factored Resistance of Welded Connections Subject to Shear and Moment," Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 84-92. [4] Beaulieu, D., and Picard, A. (1985). "Résultatsd' essaissur des assemblage's soudés Excentriques en flexion," Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 12, pp. 494-506. [5] Canadian Institute of Steel Construction (2006): Handbook of Steel Construction. Ninth Edition. Toronto, Ontario. Harish N. Sayankar, Prof. S. D. Khamankar	25-31
6.	Experimental And FE Analysis Of Eccentric Loaded Symmetrical And Unsymmetrical Bolted Joint With Bolt Pretension Experimental And FE Analysis Of Eccentric Loaded Symmetrical And Unsymmetrical Bolted Joint With Bolt Pretension Abstract: This paper presents experimental and FE analysis of eccentric loaded bolted joint under symmetric and unsymmetrical bolt system with consider bolt pretension. A cad model of a bolted joint has been developed using modeling software PROE5.0 and FE analysis was carried out by using ANSYSWORKBENCH12.0.stress analysis has been carried out by varying bolt pattern of bolted joint for predict maximum heavily loaded bolt. Experimental work was conducted to measure maximum shear strength of the specimens for validation of the developed FE model. Experimental work was carried out on hydraulic jack and specimen of bolted joint was tested to know maximum shear strength of bolt. The results from both FE analysis and experimental work were then compared and show close results among them. Key words: ANSYS WORKBENCH12.0, Bolt Pretension, FEM, PROE5.0. Reference [1] Rados Bulatovic, JankoJovanovic "An Analysis Of The Mathematical Models In The Deformation Process of Eccentrically Loaded Bolts" Udc 621.315.684:519.87 (March-2000) [2] Dr.Saman Fernando "The Function of Washers in Bolted Joint"(Aug-2002) [3] Mahesh J. Patil, S.C. shilwant & Satish S. Kadam" Self-Loosening of Bolted Joints :A parametric study" (Jan-2006) [4] Aidy Ali, Ting Wei Yao, Nuraini Abdul Aziz "Simulation And Experimental Work Of Single Lap Bolted Joint Tested In Bending" Suranaree J. Sci. Technol.14 (4):331-345 (Nov-2007) [5] Mohamed Tahar, Nasraoui Jamel Chakhari, Boubaker Khalfi, Mustapha Nasri "Numerical and Experimental Study of Shear Loaded Bolted Joint"(June-2010) Pranav R. Pimpalkar, Prof. S. D. Khamankar	32-37
7.	Design of Lattice Wind Turbine Towers With Structural Optimization Design of Lattice Wind Turbine Towers With Structural Optimization Abstract: This article aims to study the self-supporting truss towers used to support large wind turbines in areas with high altitude. The goal is to evaluate and validate numerically by finite element method the structural analysis when the lattice structures of the towers of wind turbines are subjected to static loads and these from common usage. With this, it is expected minimize the cost of transportation and installation of the tower and maximize the generation of electricity, respecting technical standards and restrictions of structural integrity and safety, making vibration analysis and the required static and dynamic loads, thereby preventing failures by fractures or mechanical fatigue. Practical examples of towers will be designed by the system and will be tested in structural simulation programs using the Finite Element Method. This analysis is done on the entire region coupling action of the turbine, with variable sensitivity to vibration levels. The results obtained for freestanding lattice tower are compared with the information of a tubular one designed to support the generator with the same characteristics. At the end of this work itwas possible to observe the feasibility of using lattice towers that proved better as its structural performance but with caveats about its dynamic performance since the appearance of several other modes natural frequency thus reducing the intervals between them in low frequency and theoretically increase the risk of resonance. Key words: Structural Analysis, Vibration Analysis, Self-Supporting Truss Towers, Wind Energy, Finite Element Method, Structural Optimization Reference [1] AMARANTE, O. A. C., et al, 2010, Atlas do Potencial Eólico Brasileiro, Ministério de Minas e Energia, Eletrobrás, CEPEL. [2] AMARANTE, O. A. C., SILVA, F. J. L., 2002, Atlas Eólico do Rio Grande do Sul, Secretaria de Energia Minas e Comunicações do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS. NBR 6123: Forças devidas ao vento em edificações. Rio de Janeiro: ABNT, 1988 [3] ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS. NBR 5422: Projeto de linhas aéreas de transmissão de energia elétrica. Rio de Janeiro: ABNT, 1985. [4] ENERCON, 2004, "E70 - Booklet", EnerconInternationalDepartment, www.enercon.de acessado em 20 de junho de 2011. [5] FERREIRA, T.S., 2012, Comportamento Estrutural de Torres Treliçadas Autoportantes de Aço para Suporte de Turbinas Eólicas, Dissertação (Mestrado em engenharia mecânica) - Pontifícia universidade Católica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Minas Gerias – MG. Pedro Américo Almeida Magalhães Júnior, Igor Guasti Rios, Tiago Simão Ferreira, Aniceto Carlos De Andrade Júnior, Osvaldo Abadia De Carvalho Filhoand Pedro Henrique Deogene Soares	38-51
8.	Performance Analysis of Cognitive Radio for Wi-Fi Signals Using Cyclostationary Spectrum Sensing Performance Analysis of Cognitive Radio for Wi-Fi Signals Using Cyclostationary Spectrum Sensing Abstract: The need for radio spectrum usage is increasing day by day with recent advancements in wireless system. But there is limited amount of spectrum available. So that for solving this problem Cognitive Radio (CR) is used for purpose of the spectrum utilization properly. Basically the Licensed users use the licensed bands but the unlicensed users should always check spectrum with the help of CR technology. The main aim of cognitive radio is to sense the spectrum continuously. In this paper, we have provided the proposal that how the capacity of the system can be increased by reuse the unused licensed band by simulating a Cognitive radio system. The secondary users can occupy free space (spectrum holes) and also licensed bands by continuously monitoring the spectrum. The requirements of cognitive radio systems will be investigated by considering spectrum sensing techniques. To achieve this, a Cyclostationary Spectrum Sensing technique is studied and applied to detect OFDM signals in a noisy environment. The results are obtained for the applications employed in high frequency, such as, Wi-Fi. Key words: Cognitive Radio,Cyclostationary Spectrum Sensing, Spectrum Sensing,SpectrumHoles,Wi-Fi. Reference [1] Danijela, S. M. Mishra, D. Willkomm, R. Brodersen and A. Wolisz, "A cognitive radio approach for usage of virtual unlicensed spectrum," in 14th IST Mobile and Wireless Communications Summit, 2005. [2] I. F. Akyildiz, W.-Y. Lee, M. C. Vuran and S. Mohanty, "Next generation/dynamic spectrum access/cognitive radio wireless networks: a survey," Computer Networks, vol. 50, no. 13, pp. 2127-2159, 2006. [3] D. Cabric, "Addressing the Feasibility of Cognitive Radios," in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine , November 2008. [4] F. W. D. Datla, "A framework for RF spectrum measurements analysis," in in Proc. IEEE Int. Symposioum on new Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Acces Networks, 2008. [5] A. Al-Dulaimi and N. Radhi, "Cyclostationary Detection of Undefined Secondary Users," IEEE Computer Society, 2009. Mandeep Singh, Charanjeet Singh, Amandeep Singh Bhandari	52-55
9.	Conceptual Cost Estimate of Libyan Highway Projects Using Artificial Neural Network Conceptual Cost Estimate of Libyan Highway Projects Using Artificial Neural Network Abstract: It is well known that decisions at early stages of a construction project have great impact on subsequent project performance. Conceptual cost estimate is a challenging task that is done with limited information at the early stages of a project life where many factors affecting the project costs are still unknown. The objective of this paper is to support decision makers in predicting the conceptual cost of highway construction projects in Libya. Initially, the factors that significantly influence highway construction are identified. Then, an artificial neural network model is developed for predicting the cost. The network is trained and tested with a total of 67 projects historical data. Training of the model is administered via back-propagation algorithm. The model is coded ad implemented using MATLAB® to facilitate its use. An optimization module is also added to the Neural Network model with the objective of minimizing the error of the predicted cost. The model is then validated and the results show better predictions of conceptual cost of highway projects in Libya. Key words: Construction, Conceptual cost estimating, Neural Networks, Highway projects, Libya. Reference [1] Adeli, H., and Wu, M. (1998), "Regularization neural network for construction cost estimation," Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 124, No. 1, PP. 18-24. [2] Al-Tabtabai, H., Alex, P., and Tantash, M. (1999), "Preliminary Cost Estimation of Highway Construction Using Neural Networks. Journal of Cost Engineering, Vol. 41, No. 3, PP. 19-24. [3] Ayed, A.S. (1997), Parametric Cost Estimating of Highway Projects using Neural Networks, M. Sc. Thesis, Faculty of engineering and Applied Sciences, Newfoundland, Canada. [4] David, J.L., Margaret, W.E. and Anthony, H. (2006), "Predicting Construction Cost Using Multiple Regression Techniques," Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, Vol. 132, No. 7, PP. 750-758. [5] Dutta, D. (2006), Statistics and Operations Research, Second Edition, Laxmi Publications (P) LTD, Daryaganj, New Delhi. Emad Elbeltagi, Ossama Hosny, Refaat Abdel-Razek and Atif El-Fitory	56-66
10.	Data Mining to Facilitate Effective User Navigation and Improve Structure of a Website Data Mining to Facilitate Effective User Navigation and Improve Structure of a Website Abstract: Now a days for a company it is very important to have active presence on web to become successful in electronic market. This requirement is fulfilled by an interactive website of a company. Website can be used to sell goods, maintain customer relationships, promotion of goods. By looking at the customer's response towards website we can decide campaign for future products and services. So for this website should be interactive and must be used by user by the way designer wants to. So, it is very important to study navigational behavior of a customer. By analyzing the web logs which records the navigational activity of the customer we can get several sequential patterns which helps us to study whether user is pursuing site's goal or not. Sequences are analyzed with WUM (Web Utilization Miner) which gives g-sequence (Generalized Sequence) and aggregate tree as an output. On the basis of the structure that is given by WUM, conclusions are studied and it is decided whether site structure needs improvement; The improvements suggested should be minimum but at the same time site should satisfy business goal. A mathematical programming model is used which suggest minimum improvements to site. Improvements which tends to change structure of site are avoided as it may be confusing for old site user. Reference [1] Chintan R. Varnagar, Nirali N. Madhak, Trupti M. Kodinariya, Jayesh N. Rathod, Web Usage Mining: A Review on Process, Methods and Techniques, [2] Myra Spiliopoulou, CarstenPohle Data Mining to Measure and Improve the Success of web,arXiv:cs.LG/0008009 v1 15 Aug 2000 [3] Min Chen and Young U. Ryu, Facilitating Effective User Navigation through Website Structure Improvement, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING, VOL. 25, NO. 3, MARCH 2013 [4] Myra Spiliopoulou, Lukas C. Faulstich, WUM: A Web Utilization Miner [5] M. Eirinaki and M. Vazirgiannis, "Web Mining for WebPersonalization," ACM Trans. Internet Technology, vol. 3, no. 1,pp. 1-27, 2003 Shweta Mohod, Prof. Vishalgangawane	67-70
11.	Study of Buckling Restrained Braces in Steel Frame Building Study of Buckling Restrained Braces in Steel Frame Building Abstract: Conventional braces have limited deformation ductility capacity, and exhibit unsymmetrical hysteretic cycles, with marked strength deterioration when loaded in compression. To overcome the above mentioned problems, a new type of brace was developed in Japan called as buckling restrained braces, designated as BRB's. These braces are designed such that buckling is inhibited to occur, exhibiting adequate behavior and symmetrical hysteretic curves under the action of both tensile and compressive cycles, produced by the action of seismic and wind forces. This paper presents experimental results concerning the lateral load carrying capacity of steel frame model by use of buckling restrained brace. This paper also includes the comparative study of lateral load carrying capacity of frame model for bare frame, frame with Conventional brace and frame with buckling restrained brace. Key words: Lateral load, Steel frame, Conventional brace, Buckling restrained brace (BRB) Reference [1] Amiri J.V., Naeej M. and Monaeej M.R. (2013) "Seismic Retrofitting of Steel Frames with Buckling Restrained Braces", Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment , Geo-hazards and Civil Engineering, ISSN 2079-2115, pp. 178-185. [2] Deulkar1 W. N., Modhera C. D. & Patil H. S. (2010) " Buckling Restrained Braces for vibration Control Of Building Structure" IJRRAS 4, pp-363-375. [3] Fahnestock L. A. Ricles J.M., and Sause R. (2007)" Experimental Evaluation of a Large-Scale Buckling-Restrained Braced Frame" Journal of Structural Engineering © ASCE, Pp-1205-1214. [4] Hussain Saif, Benschoten P. V., Satari M.A., Lin S. (2005) " Buckling Restrained Braced Frame (BRBF) Structures: Analysis, Design and Approvals Issues" Coffman Engineers, Inc. Los Angeles, CA [5] Iwata Mamoru,(2004) "Applications-design Of Buckling Restrained Braces In Japan " 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., pp-1-6. Mr. Y. D. Kumbhar, Dr. M. R. Shiyekar	71-74
12.	A Case Study on Ip Based Cdma Ran by Controlling Router A Case Study on Ip Based Cdma Ran by Controlling Router Abstract: As communication plays an important role in day to day life, the effective and efficient data transmission is to be maintained. This paper mainly deals with implements a congestion control mechanism using Router control method for IP-RAN on CDMA cellular network. The Router control mechanism uses the features of CDMA networks using active Queue Management technique to reduce delay and to minimize the correlated losses. When utilizing these new personal tools and services to enrich our lives, while being mobile, we are using Mobile Multimedia applications. As new handsets, new technologies and new business models are introduced on the marketplace, new attractive multimedia services can and will be launched, fulfilling the demands. Because the number of multimedia services and even more so, the context in which the services are used is numerous, the following model is introduced in order to simplify and clarify how different services will evolve, enrich our lives and fulfill our desires.The proposed paper work is to be realized using Matlab platform. Key words: REDAQM, CDMA, IP-RAN, Matlab. Reference [1] Andy Miller and Michael Gulotta,(1999) "PN Generators Using the SRL Macro", Application Note: Virtex Series, Virtex-II Series, and Spartan-II Family, Xilinx Website [2] E.H. Dinan, B. Jabbari, "Spreading codes for direct sequence CDMA", IEEE Communications Magazine, pp. 48-54, September 1998. [3] Marat and Bosquet, (2002)"Satellite Communications Systems", Fourth Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc [4] Simon Haykin,(2000) "Communication Systems ", Fourth Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc [5] Timothy Pratt, Charles W. Bostian, (1989) "Satellite Communications", John Wiley & Sons, Inc K Sravan Abhilash	75-79
13.	Effect of Storage Period on the Physicochemical, Sensory and Microbiological Quality of Bakery Flavoured Ice Cream Effect of Storage Period on the Physicochemical, Sensory and Microbiological Quality of Bakery Flavoured Ice Cream Abstract: Storage conditions were known to bring about some physicochemical changes in frozen foods. The present investigation was therefore carried out to examine the effect of storage period on the physicochemical, sensory and microbiological quality of bakery flavoured ice cream. Bakery flavoured ice cream incorporating cookies (plain and chocolate) and cakes (vanilla and chocolate) at 10 per cent level were prepared and subjected to 60 days of frozen storage and evaluated periodically at intervals of 15 days. With the progress in the storage period total solids, acidity and specific gravity of all ice cream samples increased significantly (p<0.01) during the storage, while pH, antioxidant activity and overrun decreased significantly (p<0.01). Protein, fibre and ash content do not show any significant change during storage. The decrease in total phenolic content was found to be non significant with increase in storage period from 0 to 60 days. Storage period had significant (p<0.01) on L and acolour attributes of ice cream samples. First dripping time increased while melting rate decreased in all samples. The mean sensory scores of all ice cream samples decreased significantly with progress in storage period at -18±1^oC. There was a significant decline in Standard Plate Count (SPC) and increase in psychrophillic count with progress in storage period. Key words:* Ice cream, physicochemical, sensory quality, first dripping time, melting rate, microbiological quality, storage. Reference [1] Abdullah M, Rehman S, Zubair H, Saeed H M, Kousar S and Shahid M (2003) Effect of skim milk in soymilk blend on the quality of ice cream. Pakistan J Nutr 2:305-311 [2] Akesowan A (2008) Effect of combined stabilizers containing Konjac flour and κ-carrageenan on ice cream. Australian J Technol 12:81-85 [3] AOAC (2000) Official Methods of Analysis. 17th Edition. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gathersberg, Maryland, USA [4] APHA (1992) Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods. 3rd Edition, American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C [5] Arbuckle W S (1977) Ice Cream. AVI Publishing Company, Inc New York Arashdeep Singh, Usha Bajwa, Rajpreet Kaur Goraya	80-90
14.	Preprocessing and Classification in WEKA Using Different Classifiers Preprocessing and Classification in WEKA Using Different Classifiers Abstract: Data mining is a process of extracting information from a dataset and transform it into understandable structure for further use, also it discovers patterns in large data sets [1]. Data mining has number of important techniques such as preprocessing, classification. Classification is one such technique which is based on supervised learning. It is a technique used for predicting group membership for the data instance. Here in this paper we use preprocessing, classification on diabetes database. Here we apply classifiers on this database and compare the result based on certain parameters using WEKA. 77.2 million people in India are suffering from pre diabetes. ICMR estimates that around 65.1million are diabetes patients. Globally in year 2010, 227 to 285 million people had diabetes, out of that 90% cases are related to type 2 ,this is equal to 3.3% of the population with equal rates in both women and men in 2011 it resulted in 1.4 million deaths worldwide making it the leading cause of death. Key words: AD Tree; J48; Random Tree; REP Tree; Simple cart; WEKA; Reference [1] J. Han and M. Kamber, "Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques", Morgan Kaufmann, 2000. [2] Varun Kumar and Nisha Rathee," Knowledge discovery from database Using an integration of clustering and classification", (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 2011. [3] Swasti Singhal, Monika Jena, "A Study on WEKA Tool for Data Preprocessing, Classification and Clustering", International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering(IJITEE), 2013 Payal P.Dhakate, Suvarna Patil, K. Rajeswari, Deepa Abin	91-93
15.	Design & Simulation of E-Shaped Micro Strip Patch Antenna for GPS Application Design & Simulation of E-Shaped Micro Strip Patch Antenna for GPS Application Abstract: Micro strip antennas are widely used in many applications due to their low Profile, low cost and ease of fabrication. In some applications it is desired to have a dual band or multiband characteristics. This paper presents the design and simulation of E-shape micro strip patch antenna with wideband operating frequency for wireless application. The shape will provide the broad bandwidth which is required in various application like remote sensing, biomedical application, mobile radio, satellite communication etc. The antenna design is an improvement from previous research and it is simulated using HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) version 13.0 software. GPS provides specially coded satellite signals that can be processed with a GPS receiver enabling the receiver to compute position, velocity and time. Coaxial feed or probe feed technique is used. Parametric study was included to determine affect of design towards the antenna performance. Radiation performance of the designed antenna is simulated using the HFSS software version 13.0. The performance of the designed antenna was analyzed in term of bandwidth, gain, return loss, VSWR, and radiation pattern. The design was optimized to meet the best possible result. Substrate used was air which has a dielectric constant of 1.0006. The results show the wideband antenna is able to operate from 8.80 GHz to 13.49 GHz frequency band with optimum frequency at 8.73 GHz. Due to the compact area occupied. The pro-posed antenna is promising to be embedded within the different portable devices employing GPS applications. Key words: E-shaped slot microstrip,Rectangular Patch,Co-axial probe, GPS, HFSS Software Reference [1] Ge, Y.; Esselle, K.P.; Bird, T.S.; , "E-shaped patch antennas for highspeed wireless networks," Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on , vol.52, no.12, pp. 3213- 3219, Dec. 2004 [2] B.-K. Ang and B.-K. Chung, "A wideband e-shaped microstrip patch antenna for 5 - 6 GHz wireless communications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 75, 397-407, 2007. [3] Yang, F.; Xue-Xia Zhang; Xiaoning Ye; Rahmat-Samii, Y.; "Wide-band E-shaped patch antennas for wireless communications," Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on , vol.49, no.7, pp.1094-1100, Jul 2001 [4] Hadian, A.M.; Hassani, H.R.; , "Wideband Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna with U-Slot," Antennas and Propagation, 2007. EuCAP 2007. The Second European Conference on , vol., no., pp.1-5, 11-16 Nov. 2007 [5] Vedaprabhu, B.; Vinoy, K.J.; , "A double U-slot patch antenna with dual Wideband characteristics," Communications (NCC), 2010 National Conference on , vol., no., pp.1-4, 29-31 Jan. 2010 M. Ravi Kishore, V. Jeevan Kumar, G. Sridhar Kumar	94-100
16.	10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On Ftth 10-Gb/S Transmission of Wdm Pon for Man with 50km Reach Based On Ftth Abstract: The wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) is considered to be the next evolutionary solution for a simplified and future-proofed access system that can accommodate exponential traffic growth and bandwidth-hungry new applications. WDM-PON mitigates the complicated time-sharing and power budget issues in time division- multiplexed PON (TDM-PON) by providing virtual point-to-point optical connectivity to multiple end users through a dedicated pair of wavelengths. The objective of this paper is proposed a scheme for metropolitan area networks comprising optical components based on arrayed waveguide grating multiplexers, demultiplexers .The Arrayed waveguide gratings based multiplexers and demultiplexers for WDM applications prove to be capable of precise multiplexing and demultiplexing of a large number of channels with relatively low losses. Key words: AWGPON. PON, WDMPON, TDMPON Reference [1] R. Ramaswami, N.J. Sivarajan Optical Networks, a practical perspective, second edition, Elsevier Science and Technology books, November 2001. [2] G.P. Agrawal, Fibre-optic communication systems‖, third edition, John Wiley and Sons, May 2002. [3] Diptish Dey, Theory towards an all optical WDM slotted ring MAN with support for optical multi casting, Ph.D Thesis, University of Twente, June 2003, available at http:/www.tup.utwente.nl. [4] ITU-T, "G.983.1 Broadband Passive Optical Networks (BPON): General characteristics," June 1999. [5] ITU-T, "G.984.1 Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (GPON): General characteristics," Mar. 2003. Ankit Bagga, Mr. Kulwinder Singh, Bharat Rawat	101-105
17.	Apprehension of Youth towards Social Networking Sites: Two Sides of a Coin Apprehension of Youth towards Social Networking Sites: Two Sides of a Coin Abstract: Social networking sites are wide area of research. Rapid growth in Technology and Human Resources provides us new platform to build social networks. Today it has become highest point of concern to be aware of social networking sites and built networks. Since few years Social networking site has become very popular. There are different social networking sites for different purpose fulfillment. Orkut fails in the race of Social Networking Sites as compare to facebook. Although Facebook came in existence later but able to attract more crowd. It is user-friendly. Everything which is developed as pros and cons it depends upon the user if they took advantage of technology and develops personality as well as build social networks or get involve themselves in illegal things such as hacking and use wrong sources. The advantages and disadvantages of the social networking sites are mentioned in this research paper. Reference [1] www.ischool.utexas.edu/~i385q/archive/sharma_social_networks.ppt [2] http://www.pr.com/pressrelease/214190cs.nyu.edu/~jchen/socialnetworks.ppt [3] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network [4] http://www.forrester.com [5] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_social_networking_websites Yukti Gulati, Shilpi Sharma	106-113
18.	Failure Mode Analysis Of Torsion Shaft In Garrett-5 Engine Using Two Test Pieces Failure Mode Analysis Of Torsion Shaft In Garrett-5 Engine Using Two Test Pieces Abstract: This work deals with "Failure Analysis of Internal splines in Torsion Shaft" of "TPE 331-5-252D - GARRET ENGINE" which is used in Dornier aircraft. Garret Engine is a type of air breathing engine. It comes under the category of Turboprop engines of Gas turbine engine. As separate shafts are used for propeller and turbine, this aids them to rotate at different RPM. A torsion shaft is used to transmit the torque from main shaft to propeller shaft. Torsion shaft is used to give a deflection which is also used to measure the torque of the engine. This torsion shaft is internally connected with the main power transmission shaft and its other end is coupled to a coupler shaft with engagement of its internal splines to the external splines of coupler shaft. Further this coupler connects to the gearing system and transmits power to the propeller shaft. Due to Continues variable load over internal splines, it is subjected to high rate of wear and tear. This problem can be rectified by Failure Mode Analysis Method, in which heat treatment process of torsion shaft is being carried out. Two test pieces are heat treated separately at different temperatures of 580⁰C and 540⁰C at variable time durations. Tuffriding which is a Liquid nitriding process is done with this two test pieces and results are analyzed. The hardness of the material is increased to desired values and its life time is also increased which overcomes the problem. Key words: Coupler, Splines, Torsion Shaft, Tuffriding, Wear. Reference [1] Christopher DellaCorte, Antonio R. Zaldana, A Systems Approach to the Solid Lubrication of Foil Air Bearings for Oil-Free Turbomachinery, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2002. [2] Cliff Garrett, Canadian Museum of Flight, Garrett TPE331 Sigma Publications 1973. [3] David Schrand, The Basics of Torque Measurement, Sensor Developments Inc. 1987. [4] Guillaume Morel1, Karl Iagnemma, Steven Dubowsky, The precise control of manipulators with high joint-friction using base force/torque sensin", Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Received 11 May 1998. [5] Gunston, Bill, World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition. Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK: Sutton Publishing Limited. Simon Wallenberg Pres (2006). Rio Melvin Aro. T, Shyam Shankar.M.B, Vinoth.M, Karthick Raja.R	114-117
19.	Effect of Fillers on E-Glass/Jute Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites Effect of Fillers on E-Glass/Jute Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites Abstract: In this work, an investigation was carried out on E-glass fiber/jute fiber reinforced epoxy composites filled with varying concentrations of bone and coconut shell powder. The composites were fabricated by hand lay-up technique and the mechanical properties such as ultimate tensile strength, flexural strength, inter laminar shear strength (ILSS), tensile modulus, impact strength and hardness of the fabricated composites were tested. The test results of these were compared with unfilled HFRP composites. From the results it was found that the mechanical properties of the composites increased with the increase in filler content. Composites filled with 15% volume coconut shell powder exhibited maximum flexural strength, inter laminar shear strength (ILSS), tensile modulus and hardness. Maximum impact strength was achieved by addition of filler (15% Vol.) of bone powder. Key words: Bone powder, Coconut shell powder, HFRP composites, Mechanical Properties Reference [1] M A Gulbarga and S B Burli, State of art, low investment, in house and manual preparation of injection moldable bio-composite granules, Int J Sci Res, 3(8), 2013, 1-6. [2] J Kasama and S Nitinat, Effect of glass fiber hybridization on properties of sisal fiber–polypropylene composites, Compo Part B, 40, 2009, 623-627. [3] S V Joshi, L T Drzal, A K Mohanty and S Arora, Are natural fiber composites environmentally superior to glass fiber reinforced composites. Compo Part A, 35, 2004, 371–376. [4] P J Roe and M P Ansell, Jute reinforced polyester composites, J Mat Sci, 20, 1985, 4015-4020. [5] S Alok, S Savita and Adityakumar, Study of mechanical properties and absorption behavior of coconut shell powder epoxy composites, Int J Mat Sci App, 2(5), 2013, 157-161. Sudeep Deshpande, T Rangaswamy	118-123
20.	Theoretical and Statistical Models for Predicting Flux in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation Theoretical and Statistical Models for Predicting Flux in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation Abstract: Theoretical modelhas been applied to predict the performance of Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) based on the analysis of heat and mass transfer through the membrane. The performance of DCMD on the account of different operating parameters had been predicted. Feed inlet temperature, coolant inlet temperature, feed flow rate and coolant flow rate are the considered performance variables. Based on the data obtained from theoretical model, statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was then performed to determine the significant effect of each operating factors on the DCMD system performance. A new regression model was subsequently developed for predicting the performance of the DCMD system. Resultsrevealed that both theoretical and regression models were in good agreement with each other and also with the selected experimental data used for validation. The maximum percentage error between the two models was found to be1.098%. Hence, the developed regression model is adequate for predict the performance of DCMD system within the domain of the considered analysis. Key words: Water Desalination, Direct contact membrane distillation, theoretical modelling, ANOVA, Taguchi methodology, regression model. Reference [1] A.S. Jonsson, R. Wimmerstedt, and A.-C. Harrysson, Membrane distillation-A theoretical study of evap. through microporous membranes,Desalination, vol. 56, pp. 1985, 237-249. [2] L. Martínez, and F.J. Florido-Díaz, Theoretical and experimental studies on desalination using membrane distillation, Desalination, vol.139(1–3),2001,pp. 373-379. [3] J. M. Li, Z. K. Xu, Z. M. Liu, W. F. Yuan, H. Xiang, S. Y. Wang, Y. Y. Xu, Microporous polypropylene and polyethylene hollow fiber membranes. Part 3. Experimental studies on membrane distillation for desalination,Desalination, vol. 155(2), 2003, pp. 153-156. [4] R.W. Field, H.Y. Wu, J. J. Wu, Multiscale Modeling of Membrane Distillation: Some Theoretical Considerations,Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 52 (26), 2013, pp. 8822–8828. [5] T. Y. Cath, V.D. Adams, A.E. Childress, Experimental study of desalination using direct contact membrane distillation: a new approach to flux enhancement,Journal of Membrane Science, vol. 228(1), 2004, pp. 5-16. Dahiru U. Lawal, Atia E. Khalifa	124-135