Peer Reviewed Journal

Abstract:

This system help the blind peoples for the navigation without the help of third person so blind person can perform its work independently. This system implemented on android device in which object detection and scene detection implemented, so after detection there will be text to speech conversion so user or blind person can get message from that android device with the help of headphone connected to that device. Our project will help blind people to understand the images which will be converted to sound with the help of webcam. We shall capture images in front of blind peoples .The captured image will be processed through our algorithms which will enhances the image data. The hardware component will have its own database. The processed image is compare with the database in the hardware component .The result after processing and comparing will be converted into speech signals. The headphones guide the blind peoples

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Shraddha A. Kamble, "An Approach For Object And Scene Detection For Blind Peoples Using Vocal Vision"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Nowadays, cyber-attacks from botnets are increasing at a faster rate than any other malware spread. Detecting the botmaster who commands the tasks has become more difficult. Most of the detecting methods are based on the features of any communication protocol or the history of the network traffic. In this paper, a rational approach is brought for the live detection of the botmaster in the internal network. The victim machine monitors its packets and compromises the bots in the network and finds the traces to the botmaster. This approach works independent of the structure of the botnet, and will be a better option for online detection of the botmaster.
Keywords: Botnet, DDOS, detection methods, network security, metasploit framework.

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Sneha Leslie, "Tracing Back The Botmaster"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The past several years have witnessed a rapid development in the wireless network area. So far wireless networking has been focused on high-speed and long range applications. Zigbee technology was developed for a Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN), aimed at control and military applications with low data rate and low power consumption. Zigbee is a standard defines the set of communication protocols for low-data-rate short-range wireless networking. Zigbee-based wireless devices operate in 868 MHz, 915 MHz, and 2.4 GHz frequency bands. The maximum data rate is 250K bits per second. Zigbee is mainly for battery-powered applications where low data rate, low cost, and long battery life are main requirements. This paper explores Verilog design for various blocks in Zigbee Transmitter architecture for an acknowledgement frame. The word digital has made a dramatic impact on our society. Developments of digital solutions have been possible due to good digital system design and modeling techniques. Further developments have been made and introduced VLSI in order to reduce size of the architecture, to improve speed of operation, improvements in predictability of the circuit behavior. Digital Zigbee Transmitter comprises of Cyclic Redundancy Check, Bit-to-Symbol block, Symbol-to-chip block, Modulator and Pulse shaping block. The work here is to show how we can design Zigbee transmitter with its specifications by using Verilog with less number of slices and Look up tables (LUTs).
KeyWord— Zigbee, CRC, LUTs, occupied slice, mobility.

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Pasala Raja Prakasha Rao, Dr.B.Rajendra Naik, "Verilog Based Design and Simulation of MAC and PHY Layers for Zigbee Digital Transmitter"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Construction Industry plays a key role in the process of economic transformation and growth. Export of projects and services indicate a country's progress in technology and export performance. Most of the companies are versed only with engineering and technology. The decision to bid is a major financial decision because of two reasons. First, the contractor assumes substantial costs for the preparations of the estimates and the tender at the risk of not recovering them if he is not awarded the job. Second, andmost importantly, thecontractor commits himself to investment in the construction of the project if he wins the bid.
Keywords-bid, estimate, funds, tender notice, pre-qualification.

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Mr. Tejas C Patil, Prof. AshishP.Waghmare, "Tender and Bidding in Construction Projects"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

A meal-like transient hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, with a pulse of xamethasone, increased serum leptin levels from baseline by 54±21% at 9 h (P = 0.038). In the absence of transient hyperglycemia, leptin increased significantly after doses of both insulin and xamethasone. The effect of insulin was dose-dependent, with a larger increment of serum leptin at 9 h after the highest dose of insulin (75.2±15.7% vs 21.3±8.5%, P = 0.013). Fasting, with or without dexamethasone, resulted in a significant 20% decrease in leptin from morning basal levels. Conversely, the administration of a pulse of insulin and glucose, in the absence of dexamethasone, prevented the drop in serum leptin observed during fasting, regardless of the insulin dose or the serum glucose elevation. The permissive effect of dexamethasone, a single pulse of insulin triggered a rise in serum leptin in humans, even in the absence of transient hyperglycemia. A single pulse of insulin with glucose can prevent the drop in serum leptin normally observed during fasting. We also find the Growth Processes of Leptin
Keywords: GC Processes, Leptin, Glucocorticoids, Cycle length

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Geetha.T and Sangeetha. B, "Growth Processes for a pulse of leptin in fasting human subjects"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Wastewater and effluent treatment has undergone innovative changes over the years. Traditional wastewater treatment has yielded to modern and path-breaking procedures which are more efficient and effective. The world of difficulties and unknown has opened new avenues and paths to highly feasible effluent treatment procedures, so the vigorous importance of advanced oxidation procedures. This review paper will delineate the increasing importance of various advanced oxidation processes including Fenton treatment for wastewater. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP's), which involve and includes the in-situ generation of highly potent chemical oxidants such as the hydroxyl radical, have emerged as an important avenue of technologies to accelerate the non-selective oxidation and thus the destruction of a wide range of non-degradable organic contaminants in wastewater which cannot be eliminated biologically. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) are technologies based on the generation of highly reactive species, the hydroxyl radicals, used in oxidative degradation procedures for organic compounds dissolved or dispersed in aquatic media. These processes are promising alternatives for decontamination of media containing dissolved recalcitrant organic substances, which would not be efficiently removed by conventional methods.
Keywords: Advance Oxidation Process, Fenton process, Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Ferrous sulphate, COD removal, Color removal.

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Mehali Mehta, Swati Parekh, "Applicability of Fenton Process for Treatment of Industrial Effluents: A Review"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In this paper the cascaded H Bridge multilevel inverter (CHB-MLI) is discussed and mainly focuses on the modified H-Bridge multilevel inverter in which the number of power devices is reduced. The analysis of fivelevel, seven-level and nine-level MLI are also done. The various control strategies are also introduced which effectively reduce the harmonics. The THD of five-level multilevel inverter is reduced to 16.91% which is much lower than the nine-level MLI.
Keywords: Multilevel inverter, five-level, seven-level, nine-level MLI, THD, control strategies.

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Vipul Kumar, Dr. Arvind Mittal, Mr. Abid Husain Saifeem, "A New Model of H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter for Reduced Harmonics Distortion"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In cloud computing, collaborative cloud computing(CCC) is the emerging technology where globally-dispersed cloud resource belonging to different organization are collectively used in a cooperative manner to provide services. In previous research, Harmony enables a node to locate its desired resources and also find the reputation of the located resources, so that a client can choose resource providers not only by resource availability but also by the provider's reputation of providing the resource. In proposed system to reform resource utilization based on optimal time period to allocate resources to the neural network training and to load factor calculation the dynamic priority scheduling technique is used to assign the priority to the cloud users according to their load. The dynamic priority scheduling algorithm strikes the right balance between performance and power efficiency.
Key Terms: Reputation management; Resource management; Collaboration cloud computing; Dynamic priority scheduling; Performance measure

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Saranyadevi. C, Mr. G. Vijayanand, "Efficient Resource Sharing In Cloud Using Neural Network"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities of humans have affected the environmental system, resulting in drastic problems such as global warming and the generation of wastewater containing high concentration of pollutants. As water of good quality is a precious commodity and available in limited amounts, it has become highly imperative to treat wastewater for removal of pollutants. In addition, the rapid modernization of society has also led to the generation of huge amount of materials of little value that have no fruitful use. Such materials are generally considered as waste, and their disposal is a problem. The utilization of all such materials as low-cost adsorbents for the treatment of wastewater may make them of some value. An effort has been made to give a brief idea about the low-cost alternative adsorbents with a view to utilizing these waste/low-cost materials in the treatment of wastewater.
Key words: Adsorption, color, dye effluent, isotherms, low- cost adsorbents.

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Mehali J. Mehta, Karishma K. Chorawala, "Adsorptive Removal Of Dye From Industrial Dye Effluents Using Low-Cost Adsorbents: A Review"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Recent historic events have shown that buildings that are designed in compliance with conventional building codes are not necessarily able to resist blast effects. It was observed in the past events that progressive or disproportionate collapse generally occurred due to deficient blast performance of the structure, albeit in compliance with conventional design codes. In the past, safety of structures against blast effects was ensured, to a limited extent, through perimeter control; which minimizes damage by preventing the direct impact of the blast effects on the building. With the emergence of blast resistant structural design, methodologies to inhibit progressive collapse through the structural components performance can be developed, although there are no available adequate tools to simulate or predict progressive collapse behavior of concrete buildings with acceptable precision and reliability. This paper presents part of an effort to find an affordable solution to the problem. State of the art review of the blast analysis and progressive collapse analysis procedures will be presented. Preliminary analysis has been carried out to establish the vulnerability of a typical multistory reinforced concrete framed building in Riyadh when subjected to accidental or terrorist attack blast scenarios. In addition, the results of the blast vulnerability assessment will be used to develop mitigation approach to control or prevent progressive collapse of the building. For protective structures, reinforced concrete is commonly used. Concrete structures subjected to explosive loading in a combination of blast and fragments will have very different response than statically loaded structure. During the blast and the fragment impacts the structure will shake and vibrate, severe crushing of concrete occurs and a crater forms (spalling) in the front of the concrete; for large penetration, scabbing may occur at the backside of the wall, or even perforation, with a risk of injury for people inside the structure. This thesis is intended to increase the knowledge of reinforced concrete structures subjected to explosive loading, i.e. effects of blast and fragmentation. A further aim is to describe and use the non-linear finite element (FE) method for concrete penetration analyses. Particular attention is given to dynamic loading, where the concrete behavior differs compared to static loading. The compressive and tensile strengths increase due to the strain rate effects. Initial stiffness increases, and moreover the concrete strain capacity is increased in dynamic loading. Traditionally, for prediction of the depth of penetration and crater formation from fragments and projectiles, empirical relationships are used, which are discussed here together with the effects of the blast wave that is caused by the explosion. To learn more about the structural behavior of concrete subjected to severe loading, a powerful tool is to combine advanced non-linear FE analyses and experiments. A trustworthy model must be able to capture correct results from several experiments, including both the depth of penetration and the crater size. In this thesis, FE analyses of concrete penetration with steel projectiles have been performed and compared to existing experimental results.
Key words: Analysis, RC Structures, Vibration, Using Ansys

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T. Subramani, K. Bharathi Devi, M.S.Saravanan, Suboth Thomas, "Analysis Of RC Structures Subject To Vibration By Using Ansys"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

From olden days until now in our construction filed unreinforced masonry blocks of rocks is used as foundation and super structure wall as load bearing structure. In which blocks are stacked, sometimes being mortared with various cements. Ancient civilizations used locally available rocks and cements to construct rock block columns, walls and edifices for residences, temples, fortifications and infrastructure. Monuments still exist as testaments to the high quality construction by historic cultures, despite the seismic and other potentially damaging geo-mechanical disturbances that threaten them. Conceptual failure modes under seismic conditions of rock block structures, observed in the field or the laboratory, are presented. Our proposed work is analytically is carried out with rock block of 1m by 1m with 200 mm rock block under seismic loading to find out the damaged caused by the Mw 6.7 and 6.0 earthquakes on that block subject to dynamic load. Finally graphical output has generated and suggested for safe construction with more seismic load on rock blocks.
Keywords: Rock block structures, Earthquakes, Earthquake observations, to failures.

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T. Subramani, K. Bharathi Devi, M.S.Saravanan, Suboth Thomas, "Analysis of Seismic Performance of Rock Block Structures with STAAD Pro"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Recent earthquakes have demonstrated that most of the reinforced concrete structures were severely damaged during earthquakes and they need major repair works. Beam column joints, being the lateral and vertical load resisting members in reinforced concrete structures are particularly vulnerable to failures during earthquakes. The existing reinforced concrete beam column joints which are not designed as per code IS13920:1993 must be strengthened since they do not meet the ductility requirements. The Finite element method (FEM) has become a staple for predicting and simulating the physical behaviour of complex engineering systems. The commercial finite element analysis (FEA) programs have gained common acceptance among engineers in industry and researchers. The details of the finite element analysis of beam column joints retrofitted with carbon fibre reinforced polymer sheets (CFRP) carried out using the package ANSYS are presented in this paper. Three exterior reinforced concrete beam column joint specimens were modelled using ANSYS package. The first specimen is the control specimen. This had reinforcement as per code IS 456:2000. The second specimen which is also the control specimen. This had reinforcement as per code IS 13920:1993. The third specimen had reinforcement as per code IS 456:2000 and was retrofitted with carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. During the analysis both the ends of column were hinged. Static load was applied at the free end of the cantilever beam up to a controlled load. The performance of the retrofitted beam column joint was compared with the control specimens and the results are presented in this paper.
Keywords: Finite Element Modelling, Behaviour, RCC Beam Column Joints Retrofitted With CFRP Sheets, Ansys

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T. Subramani, S.Krishnan, M.S.Saravanan, Suboth Thomas, "Finite Element Modeling On Behaviour Of Reinforced Concrete Beam Column Joints Retrofitted With CFRP Sheets Using Ansys"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Many of the existing reinforced concrete structures throughout the world are in urgent need of strengthening, repair or reconstruction because of deterioration due to various factors like corrosion, lack of detailing, failure of bonding between beam-column joints, increase in service loads, etc., leading to cracking, spalling, loss of strength, deflection, etc., Direct observation of these damaged structures has shown that damage occurs usually at the beam-column joints, with failure in bending or shear, depending on geometry and reinforcement distribution type.A nonlinear finite element analysis that is a simulation technique is used in this work to evaluate the effectiveness of retrofitting technique called "wrapping technique" for using carbon fibres (FRP) for strengthening of RC beam-column connections damaged due to various reasons. After carrying out a nonlinear finite element analysis of a reinforced concrete frame (Controlled Specimen) and reinforced concrete frame where carbon fibres are attached to the beam column joint portion in different patterns ,the measured response histories of the original and strengthened specimens are then subsequently compared. It is seen that the strengthened specimens exhibit significant increase in strength, stiffness, and stability as compared to controlled specimens. It appears that the proposed simulation technique will have a significant impact in engineering practice in the near future.
Keywords: Analysis, Retrofitting Non-Linear Finite Element, RCC Beam, Column, Ansys

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T. Subramani, S.Krishnan, M.S.Saravanan, Suboth Thomas, "Analysis of Retrofitting Non-Linear Finite Element Of RCC Beam And Column Using Ansys"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Solid waste management is one of the most significant functions out by ULBs. However, the scarcity of suitable landfill sites is one of the constraints increasingly being faced by ULBs in the discharge of their functions. As a result, even several years after the issuance of the MSW Rules 2000, the state of MSW management systems in the country continues to raise serious public health concerns. Regional or inter-municipal solutions provide a viable option to redress this situation. Working together can be a practical and cost-effective way to discharge common tasks, share resources, and take advantage of the economies of scale that such arrangements would provide. This is applicable in the case of both large municipal bodies which experience scarcity of land resources, as well as smaller ones which may find technical and financial resources a challenge. Therefore, in public interest and with the aim of improving standards of public health and sanitation in the states, the Government of India has developed this Guidance Note on regional solid waste management to facilitate the creation of appropriate strategies by the states and ULBs. This note is the result of work done over a period of about 18 months, and aims to support decision making towards the implementation of regional arrangements for safe treatment and disposal of MSW. Regional approaches to MSW management are common in several countries, and have recently gained momentum in a few states in India. Studies undertaken attest to the importance of two factors in the successful implementation of regional initiatives: (a) an explicit policy, supporting the adoption of regional approaches; and (b) a robust institutional framework, underpinning development and implementation. In this respect, it is intended that this Guidance Note may form the basis for states to formulate and notify state- level policy directives to recognize regional initiatives, strategies to encourage their adoption, and tools to facilitate implementation. The Note also includes a few case studies illustrating frameworks and implementation strategies adopted in other jurisdictions and sectors. Frameworks observed include legislation supporting municipalities to priorities regional initiatives to effectively use available resources as well as options for Creation of regional solid waste management authorities or entities empowered by law to undertake waste management activities over a region or state; Creation of solid waste management "regions‟; and Municipalities jointly constituting a company, or common authority, to implement a regional waste management project. The present work aims at identifying, locating and quantifying the industrial and domestic waste dump sites located in and around Salem urban and rural districts of Salem, Tamilnadu state, India. In our project we identify the suitable location and investigation for dumping yard which is not affecting the environment.
Keywords: Identification, Investigation, Solid Waste Dump, Salem District.

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T. Subramani, S.Krishnan, C.Kathirvel, C.T.Sivakumar, "Identification and Investigation of Solid Waste Dump in Salem District"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This Project report pertains to the study of Anorthosites and Associated rocks of Oddanchatram, Palani Taluk, Dindigul Anna District of Tamil nadu The area is comprised of interesting and rare rock types namely Anorthosite, Pyroxenite, Norite, Charnockite, Garnet-Sillimanitegneiss,migmatite, pink granite, pegmatite, aplite and minor occurrences of molybdenite and iron ores.The area under investigation, Oddanchatram is located on the northern slope of kodai hills ( Palani Hills) which forms a part of western ghat range.It is represented in the portions of survey of India topographic sheets numbering 58 f/10, 58 F/11, 58 f/14 and 58 f/15 published in the year 1921. The area lies between North Latitude 10° 27' and 10° 32' and East Longitude 77° 40' and 77° 48'. The Total extent of the area is roughly 66 Sq.miles. The field work was conducted by using clinometer and Brunton compass. The area was traversed across and along foliation and strike directions in order to precisely demarcate the lithological boundaries and to note variations in structure, texture, and mineral characters. The structures of the study area is quite interesting with much contortion, folding, shearing, jointing and faulting which are normally anticipated in the Archaean terrain.
Keywords: Anorthosite, Associated rocks, Oddanchatram, pyroxenite, Archaean terrain, charnockite.

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T. Subramani, C.Kathirvel, S.Sekar, C.T.Sivakumar, "Anorthosite and Associated Rocks of Oddanchatram, Dindigul Anna District, Tamil Nadu"Vol. 4 - Issue 12 (December - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com