Peer Reviewed Journal

Abstract:

We have developed efficient methods for long-term culturing and selection of highly active versions of the original cultures of micromycetes – producers of enzymes. We theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed an advantage of growing micromycetes in a new filament-spongy immobilized growth structure on the substrate relative to the traditional method of deep cultivation of free cells in the form of pellets. When comparing a traditional with our innovative method of cultivation, many advantages of the latter are revealed, above all being the possibility of the formation of new highly selective cultures in the long process of their growth with modified culturally - morphological properties.
Keywords: Immobilization, enzymes, cultivation, productivity, selection, pectinas, amylase

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Blieva Raushan, "Production of microbial enzymes by new method of cultivation of microorganisms" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Plasma transferred Arc welding is one of the most widely used welding process, in which the metals are fused just above the melting point, and makes the metal to fuse. It is employed in many applications like tool die and metal casting, strip metal welding etc. This investigation is to analyze temperature distribution residual stress and distortion by varying the heat source parameter in SYSWELD, and compared the results with ANSYS. The simulation of Plasma Transferred Arc welding was of structural steel plate performed using a non-linear transient heat transfer analysis. Heat losses due to convection and variation of material properties with temperature were considered in this analysis. To incorporate the heat developed the Gaussian distribution was considered. Finite element simulations were performed using ANSYS Parametric Design Language (APDL) code and using SYSWELD. The temperatures obtained were compared with experimental results for validation. It was found that the predicted values of temperature agree very well with the experimental values. Residual Stress and Distortion were also predicted for various heat Input. The effect of heat input on residual stress and distortion was investigated.
Keywords: Residual stress, heat transfer, plasma weld, distortion,PTAW

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PV Senthiil, Aakash Shirrushti, "Finite Element Simulation of Plasma Transferred ARC Welding [PTAW] of Structural Steel" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

In recent years, service industries are struggling to improve their processes efficiencies. Lean principles and the methodologies are becoming a prime problem solving approaches to perform the operational processes with a minimum non-value adding activities resulting in reduced wait time, movements, defect rates and other delays in the process. This paper addresses the implementation of lean principles in a one of the service organizations. The main objective of this paper is to draw the As-Is process map, conduct process analysis to identify non-value added activities, capture the time using DILO (day in a life of…), simplify or eliminate the same and improve efficiency of the process. Through the application of lean principles the As-Is and To-Be process maps are constructed to improve the operational processes by identifying different waste and its sources of wastes. A noticeable reduction in processing time is observed in the process by simplifying and eliminating the non value added activities in the process. This case study can be useful in developing a more generic approach to design lean environment
Keywords: Lean, Process Analysis, DILO, Time and Motion, NVA, WIP

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R. Senthil Kumar, S. Kumaraghuru, "Optimization of Fuzzy Matrix Games of Order 4 X 3" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

EU-Cycle is a self balancing electric unicycle. A regular unicycle is powered by pedal and is balanced by a rider, whilst the EU-Cycle runs by an electric motor and balance by control system in the roll direction. The simple thing to do by rider is to lean forward for acceleration, to lean backward for braking. EU-Cycle is designed as to be a fast and portable means of transport among crowded area, home and office. Therefore, The EU-Cycle gives tough challenge to the unicycle. EU-Cycle has attracted print media including future stories in radio, television. Thus in addition to successful development of EU-Cycle in urban use, the project has to implement the EU-cycle as an educative device.

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A.Venkat Sai, "Design and Fabrication of Eu-Cycle" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

At present the Renewable energy resources (RES) are being increasingly connected in distribution systems utilizing power electronic converters. This paper presents a novel control strategy for achieving maximum benefits from these grid-interfacing inverters when installed in 3-phase 4-wire distribution systems. The inverter is controlled to perform as a multi-function device by incorporating active power filter functionality. The inverter can thus be utilized as power converter to inject power generated from RES to the grid and shunt APF to compensate current unbalance, load current harmonics, load reactive power demand and load neutral current. All of these functions may be accomplished either individually or simultaneously. With such a control, the combination of grid-interfacing inverter and the 3-phase 4-wire linear/non-linear unbalanced load at point of common coupling appears as balanced linear load to the grid. This new control concept is demonstrated with extensive MATLAB/Simulink simulation studies and validated through digital signal processor-based laboratory experimental results.
Keywords: Active power filters (APF), distributed generation (DG), distribution system, grid interconnection, power quality (PQ), and renewable energy.

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B.Yella Reddy, M.Pratap Naik, "Enhancement in Power Quality With Grid Interconnection of Renewable Energy Sources at Distribution Level" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

This original work treats the feasibility study of new type of high voltage power supply with a character six-phase for a magnetron 800 Watts-2450 MHz per phase for industrial microwave generators. The design of this new power supply uses a new sex identical single-phase high voltage transformer with magnetic leakage flux, coupled in star. Each single phase supply a cells which multiples the voltage, stabilizes the current and supplies in its turn a single magnetron. The π equivalent model of the transformer is developed, taking into account the saturation phenomenon and the stabilization process of each magnetron current. This model is based on the determination of the analytical expressions of its non-linear inductances, that can be determined from the establishment of the B(H) magnetization curve of the used material (SF19). This new power supply presents a multiple benefits in terms of reducing of weight, volume, electrical wiring and cost during of the implementation and maintenance of such a new device. The simulation results, upbraided by Matlab-SIMULINK code, are in good agreement with those found by experimental measurement for one magnetron, while respecting the conditions recommended by the manufacturer of magnetron: Ipeak<1.2 A, Imean≈ 300 mA.
Keywords: Modelling; New power supply; regulation; magnetron; Microwave; Matlab-SIMULINK.

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BOUBKAR BAHANI, N. El GHAZAL,M. CHRAYGANE, A.BELHAIBA, M.BOUSSETA, "Improved Model of New Six-Phase High Voltage Power Supply for Industrial Microwave Generators with A Single Magnetron By Phase" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Most of the real time operation based physical system, digital PID is used in field such as servo-motor/dc motor/temperature control system, robotics, power electronics etc. need to interface with high speed constraints, higher density PLD's such as FPGA used to integrate several logics on single IC. There are some limitations in it to overcome these limitations Fuzzy logic is introduced with PID and Fuzzy PID is formed. This paper explains experimental design of Fuzzy PID controller. We aimed to make controller power efficient, more compact, and zero overshoot. MATLAB is used to design PID controller to calculate and plot the time response of the control system and Simulink to generate a set of coefficients.
Keywords: Fuzzy PID controller, FPGA, MATLAB, Simulink, VHDL.

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Meenakshi Chourasiya, Prof. Shweta karnik, "Design of Fuzzy PID controller to control DC motor with zero overshoot"Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Masdar City is an archeology project in Abu Dhabi, in the United Arab Emirates. Its core is a planned city, which is being built by Masdar, a subsidiary of Mubadala Development Company, with the majority of seed capital provided by the government of Abu Dhabi. Designed by the British architectural firm Foster and Partners and engineering and environmental consultancy Mott MacDonald, the city will rely entirely on solar energy and other renewable energy sources, with a zero waste ecology. It initially aimed to be a sustainable zero-carbon car-free city. . This article is a case study about "Masdar City," a planned carbon-neutral town in Abu Dhabi. The article describes the key characteristics of Masdar City.
Keywords: Masdar City; United Arab Emirates; Renewable energy

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Nikhil Manghnani & Kapil Bajaj, "Masdar City : A Model of Urban Environmental Sustainability" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The present paper examines a new procedure for estimating Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of homogeneous materials constituting the one-layer thin tubes. The work is done from the use of the time-frequency representation. Spectrogram and its reassigned version have been chosen to analyze experimentally acoustic signals backscattered by air-filled tubes immersed in water. For reduced frequencies ranging from 0.1 to 500, time-frequency images have shown the presence of the Symmetrical and the Antisymmetrical waves. Satisfactory resolution and good localization in the time-frequency plane have been observed in the case of concentrated spectrogram. Reduced cutoff frequencies of A1 and S1 waves have also been extracted from Spectrogram and concentrated Spectrogram time-frequency images. A good agreement has, therefore, been observed. Comparisons with results obtained by experiment indicate that mechanical parameters such as Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of aluminum and copper are evaluated accurately.
Key words: Young's modulus; Isotropic elasticity; Acoustic scattering; one-layer cylindrical tube; Time-frequency representation; Proper modes theory.

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Abdelkader Elhanaoui, Elhoucein Aassif, Gérard Maze, Dominique Décultot, "Time-Frequency Representation For Estimating Young's Modulus and Poisson's Ratio Of Materials" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The ac to dc converters' power factors correction in ac transmission system were investigated. The studies include: phase-controlled converter; pulse width modulated (PWM) converter and ac input current shaped converter. Using Fourier series, power factors of these converters were calculated and simulated using MATLAB. The resulting curves are displayed in the hard copies for practical guides in the choice of converters; and comparatively, current shaped type is the best.
Keywords: ac to dc converters, ac transmission lines, current-shaping converters, PF corrections, PWM converters,

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Ibekwe B.E., Eneh I. I., Ude I.J., "Guiding Principles in Selecting AC To DC Converters For Power Factor Corrections in AC Transmission System" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

Distribution systems management is becoming an increasingly complicated issue due to the introduction of new technologies, new energy trading strategies, and new deregulated environment. In the new deregulated energy market and considering the incentives coming from the technical and economical fields, it is reasonable to consider Distributed Generation (DG) as a viable option to solve the lacking electric power supply problem. This paper presents a mathematical distribution system planning model considering three planning options to system expansion and to meet the load growth requirements with a reasonable price as well as the system power quality problems. DG is introduced as an attractive planning option in competition with voltage regulator devices and Interruptible load. This paper presents a dynamic modelling and simulation of a high speed single shaft micro-turbine generation (MTG) system for grid connected operation and shows genetic algorithm (GA) role in improvement of control system operation. The model is developed with the consideration of the main parts including: compressor-turbine, permanent magnet (PM) generator, three phase bridge rectifier and inverter. The simulation results show the capability of Genetic Algorithm for controlling MTG system. The model is developed in Mat lab / Simulink.
Index Terms: Distributed Generation, Genetic Algorithm, Inverter, Micro-Turbine.

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Mohanraj B S, Arunnambi, Selvabharathi, "Micro-Turbine Generation Control System Optimization Using Evolutionary algorithm" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

A mono wheel is a one-wheeled single track similar to uni cycle. However, instead of sitting above the outer cycle, the rider sits inside the wheel. The wheel is a ring, usually driven by uni-cycle which is pressed against to the outer wheel. It was designed as a single-passenger vehicle, or a multi-passenger vehicle has been built in 19th Century. Hand-cranked and pedal-powered mono wheels were built in the late 19th century; most built in the 20th century have been motorized. Some modern builders refer to these vehicles as the monocycle, though that term is used to describe motorized unicycles.
Keywords: Welding, fabrication, mono Roué, Single wheel cycle.

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Maanyam.Sairam, Seetharam Sandeep.P, Sai prahallad.S, Sachin gogoi, Sukumar Reddy.M, "Fabrication of Mono Roue" 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

this review paper presents closed loop control techniques for controlling the inverter working under different load or KVA ratings. The control strategy of the inverter must guarantee its output waveforms to be sinusoidal with fundamental harmonic. For this purpose, close loop current control strategies such as H∞ repetitive controller, dual closed-loop feedback control, Adaptive Voltage Control, SRFPI controller, Optimal Neural Controller, etc. have been used to meet the power quality requirements imposed by IEEE Interconnection Standards. Based on present scenario regarding energy crises, immediate action is the use of different renewable energy sources (RESs) . Out of RESs, solar is gaining more attention. It is very important to design and developed a system which should be efficient enough to utilize the extracted energy for different types of load and feeding of energy into utility grid. Since experimentation and comparison of such inverter models on hardware being relatively expensive, the latest computing tool like MATLAB are considered to be a better alternative to simulate the outcomes of such expensive systems. The proposed closed loop control technique for the inverter working under linear and nonlinear system will be implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK working platform and results will be analyzed to check its benefits.
Key Words: Controller, harmonics, RES,ONC, load voltage

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V. M. Deshmukh, Dr. A.J. Patil, "Implementation of closed loop control technique for improving the performances of PWM inverter-A review" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper is to find the orthogonal projection of a rational parametric curve onto a rational parametric surface in 3-space. We show that the orthogonal projection problem can be reduced to the problem of finding elimination ideals via Gröbnerbasis. We provide a computational algorithm to find the orthogonal projection, and include a few illustrative examples. The presented method is effective and potentially useful for many applications related to the design of surfaces and other industrial and research fields.
Keywords: Orthogonal Projection, Parametrization, Polynomial,Surface

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Irina Stallion, "Symbolic Computation via Gröbner Basis" Vol. 4 - Issue 10 (October - 2014), International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) , ISSN: 2248-9622 , www.ijera.com